Desulfurization Catalyst for Combustion Exhaust
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current desulfurization methods for industrial exhaust gases are complex, labor-intensive, and costly, requiring additional facilities, which complicates the reduction of sulfur oxide emissions during fossil fuel combustion.
Innovation Solution
A catalyst comprising specific oxides, metals, and liquid compounds, such as SiO2, Al2O3, and sodium tetraborate, formed into a metal chelate compound, is used to adsorb and remove sulfur oxide effectively during the combustion process, eliminating the need for additional desulfurization facilities and simplifying the process.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If flue gas desulfurization methods (wet or dry) are used to remove sulfur oxide from exhaust gas, then sulfur oxide removal is achieved, but additional facilities and equipment are required, operation becomes complicated, extensive labor is needed, and high costs are incurred
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the desulfurization function with the combustion process by incorporating desulfurization agents (such as limestone, dolomite, or sea sand) directly into the fuel or combustion system. This integration eliminates the need for separate post-combustion desulfurization facilities, thereby reducing device complexity while maintaining sulfur oxide removal effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention enables the combustion system to perform desulfurization autonomously by using the combustion heat to drive the decomposition of desulfurization agents (e.g., calcium carbonate decomposing to calcium oxide) which then react with sulfur oxide in the exhaust gas. This self-service mechanism eliminates the need for external desulfurization equipment and reduces operational complexity.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If flue gas desulfurization facilities are installed to treat exhaust gas, then sulfur oxide removal is effective, but extensive labor and high operational costs are required
Solution Approach 1:
The system automatically performs desulfurization during combustion by incorporating desulfurization agents that decompose and react with sulfur oxide under combustion conditions. This eliminates the need for separate operation, monitoring, and maintenance of dedicated desulfurization equipment, significantly improving ease of operation.
Solution Approach 2:
By merging the desulfurization function into the combustion process itself, the invention eliminates the need for separate desulfurization operation procedures. The desulfurization occurs concurrently with combustion, reducing operational steps and simplifying the overall process.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional flue gas desulfurization methods are used, then sulfur oxide is removed from exhaust gas, but high operational costs are incurred due to additional facilities and labor
Solution Approach 1:
The combustion system utilizes its own heat to drive the desulfurization reactions, eliminating the need for external energy input or separate power-consuming desulfurization equipment. This self-service approach significantly reduces operational costs associated with energy consumption.
Solution Approach 2:
By combining desulfurization with combustion, the invention eliminates the need for separate desulfurization facilities and their associated operational costs. The integrated system uses the combustion process itself to enable desulfurization, reducing overall operational expenditure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The catalyst achieves high-efficiency sulfur oxide removal, reducing emissions and operational costs by integrating desulfurization into the combustion process, with demonstrated SO2 emission reduction efficiencies ranging from 28% to 70% in various test scenarios.
Implementation Method 1
dry methods are conducted in a manner in which exhaust gas is brought into contact with particles or powder such as activated carbon, carbonate, etc. to adsorb or react with sulfur dioxide
Implementation Method 2
exhaust gas is washed with ammonia water, sodium hydroxide solution, lime liquor, etc. to remove sulfur oxide
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a catalyst for desulfurization, including (a) an oxide selected from among SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, TiO2, MgO, MnO, CaO, Na2O, K2O and P2O3, (b) a metal selected from among Li, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Sr, Cd and Pb, and (c) a liquid compound selected from among sodium tetraborate (Na2B4O7.10H2O), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The catalyst of the invention has a 2:1 type layered structure in which one octahedral layer is interposed between two tetrahedral layers and which has a net negative charge due to occupation of only two of three positively charged sites in the octahedral layer, and the catalyst for desulfurization is provided in the form of a metal chelate compound through chelation with a metal ion, whereby sulfur oxide (SOx) can be adsorbed and removed at high efficiency upon combustion of a combustible substance.