Detection Chip With Gradient Filter Structure
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Solution Overview
Problem
Microfluidic chip technologies face challenges in integrating efficient sample injection, mixing, and filtration processes, leading to suboptimal detection results due to issues like sample leakage and uneven filtration.
Innovation Solution
A detection chip design featuring a sample injection structure, a filter structure with a unique inlet and outlet geometry, and a mixing structure, all connected through flow channels, which facilitates lateral flow filtration and prevents leakage by using a compressed filter film and optimized channel dimensions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional filter structures are used in microfluidic chips, then the chip can perform basic filtration, but sample leakage and uneven filtration occur leading to suboptimal detection results
Solution Approach 1:
The filter structure employs different geometric configurations at different locations: the inlet portion has a larger width than the outlet portion, creating a gradient structure. This local variation in geometry optimizes fluid flow distribution across the filter, preventing leakage at the outlet while maintaining effective filtration at the inlet, thereby resolving the contradiction between filtration efficiency and sample leakage prevention.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a dimensional gradient by varying the width of the filter structure from inlet to outlet. This dimensional change creates a controlled flow path that guides samples through the filter uniformly, preventing both leakage and uneven filtration. The gradient dimension adds control over fluid dynamics without compromising the filtration function.
2Reliability
If the filter structure width is increased to prevent leakage, then sample containment improves, but filtration uniformity deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent resolves this contradiction by introducing a dimensional gradient where the width varies from inlet to outlet. The inlet portion has larger width for containment, while the outlet portion tapers to maintain uniform flow distribution. This dimensional variation allows the structure to simultaneously achieve sample containment and filtration uniformity by optimizing each section for its specific function.
Solution Approach 2:
The filter structure is segmented into distinct functional zones: an inlet portion for sample reception and containment, and an outlet portion for uniform filtration. This segmentation allows each section to be optimized independently - the inlet for containment and the outlet for uniform flow - thereby resolving the contradiction between containment and uniformity.
3Reliability
If the filter structure height is increased to improve filtration, then filtration capacity increases, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the filter structure height within a specific range (0.2mm to 1.5mm) rather than increasing it indefinitely. This parameter optimization achieves sufficient filtration capacity while maintaining manufacturing simplicity. The height is carefully controlled to balance filtration effectiveness with structural simplicity, avoiding excessive complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The filter structure employs local geometric optimization where the height is combined with varying width at different locations. The inlet and outlet portions have specific height characteristics that optimize filtration capacity without requiring uniform increase throughout the entire structure. This local quality approach achieves filtration capacity while minimizing overall structural complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design enhances filtration efficiency, prevents sample leakage, and ensures uniform sample processing, improving the overall detection process and result quality.
Implementation Method 1
the filter structure comprises a first main body, and a first inlet portion and a first outlet portion respectively on two sides of the first main body
Data Source
AI summary
A detection chip is disclosed. The detection chip includes a sample injection structure, a filter structure, and a reaction structure which are sequentially connected. The filter structure includes a first main body, and a first inlet portion and a first outlet portion respectively on two sides of the first main body. A width of the first inlet portion gradually decreases in a direction away from the first main body, and a width of the first outlet portion gradually decreases in a direction away from the first main body.