Adaptive Detector Positioning Using Non-Contact Subject Shape Estimation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing medical imaging systems, such as SPECT and PET, face challenges in obtaining high-quality images without increasing radiation exposure by positioning detectors close to the subject, as adding a CT apparatus for shape estimation is costly and potentially harmful.
Innovation Solution
An adaptive imaging system with a gantry and movable detector units that estimate subject shape using non-contact methods like light emitting sources and detectors, ultrasonic range finders, or radioactive emission information, without requiring an x-ray tube, allowing detector units to be positioned optimally for imaging.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a CT apparatus is added for subject shape estimation, then shape estimation accuracy is improved, but system cost and radiation exposure increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the shape estimation function from the CT apparatus and implements it separately using non-ionizing methods (optical cameras, ultrasonic sensors, or RF signals). This allows shape estimation to be performed without the harmful radiation associated with CT scanning, while maintaining the ability to obtain accurate subject surface profiles for detector positioning.
Solution Approach 2:
The imaging system is enhanced with multi-functional capabilities by integrating multiple types of sensors (optical, ultrasonic, RF) that can perform both shape estimation and imaging functions. The system can selectively use different modalities depending on the application requirements, providing universal functionality without always invoking the harmful CT component.
2Adaptability or versatility
If a CT apparatus is added for subject shape estimation, then shape estimation capability is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces intermediary sensors (optical cameras, ultrasonic range finders, or RF transmitters/receivers) that act as mediators between the imaging system and the subject for shape estimation purposes. These intermediaries provide the necessary shape information without requiring integration of a full CT apparatus, thereby reducing system complexity while maintaining adaptability.
3Measurement precision
If detector units are positioned close to the subject, then image quality is improved, but safety and operational difficulty increase due to contact requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary shape estimation using non-contact methods before positioning the detector units. By obtaining the subject surface profile in advance through optical, ultrasonic, or RF-based measurement, the system can pre-calculate optimal detector positions that maintain close proximity for high image quality while avoiding contact with the subject, thus simplifying operational procedures.
4Measurement precision
If detector units are positioned close to the subject, then image quality is improved, but radiation exposure risk increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical/radiological approach (CT scanning) with non-ionizing physical methods (optical, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic field-based shape estimation). This substitution allows detector units to be positioned close to the subject for high image quality while eliminating the harmful radiation exposure associated with traditional CT-based shape estimation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables high-quality imaging without CT scanners, reducing costs and radiation exposure, and optimizing detector placement for improved image capture.
Implementation Method 1
estimating the outer shape of the subject comprises successively emitting light from at least two light emitting sources and detecting which light detectors received each instance of emitted light
Implementation Method 2
estimating the outer shape of the subject comprises the range finders issuing ultrasonic pulses towards the subject and receiving ultrasonic echoes
Implementation Method 3
estimating the outer shape of the subject comprises receiving direct radioactive emission information and scatter radioactive emission information to at least one of the detector units
Data Source
AI summary
A medical imaging system is provided. Imaging detector columns are installed in a gantry to receive imaging information about a subject. Imaging detector columns can extend and retract radially as well as be rotated orbitally around the gantry. The system can automatically adjust setup configuration and an imaging operation based on subject shape estimation information.