Development Sleeve Recesses for Toner Conveyance

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Solution Overview

Problem

In electrophotographic image forming apparatuses, issues arise with developer carry-over and uneven image density due to insufficient toner charge and mixing, leading to toner leakage and scattering, particularly in removably installable development devices.

Innovation Solution

The development device features a development sleeve with obliquely positioned oval recesses, which enhances developer conveyance and prevents carry-over by generating a sucking-in airflow, reducing toner scattering, and maintaining consistent image density through controlled developer distribution.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If the development sleeve surface is sandblasted or bead-blasted to form grooves or irregularities, then developer conveyance is improved and slippage is reduced, but device complexity and manufacturing difficulty increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedeveloper conveyance efficiencyVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The development sleeve surface is divided into different regions with distinct properties: the first circumferential region has a rough surface (sandblasted or bead-blasted) for effective developer conveyance, while the second circumferential region has a smooth surface for easy developer release. This local differentiation allows each region to optimize its function without requiring the entire sleeve to be complex.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The development sleeve is segmented into multiple circumferential regions with different surface characteristics. The first region (rough surface) handles developer pickup and conveyance, while the second region (smooth surface) handles developer release. This segmentation resolves the contradiction by assigning different manufacturing complexities to different functional zones.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Productivity

If multiple magnetic poles are provided on the development roller, then developer transport and image development are improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedeveloper transport efficiencyVSAvoidmagnetic pole configuration
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The development roller is equipped with multiple magnetic poles positioned at specific circumferential locations, each serving a localized function: an attraction pole for developer pickup, a main development pole for image formation, and a release pole for developer release. This localized magnetic pole arrangement optimizes developer transport while avoiding the complexity of providing magnetic coverage across the entire roller surface.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Ease of operation

If the development device is made removably installable, then ease of operation and maintenance are improved, but toner scattering and leakage increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice installabilityVSAvoidtoner scattering
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The development device is extracted as a removable module from the image forming apparatus, allowing easy installation and maintenance. The development sleeve and magnetic roller are configured to work together as an integrated removable unit, enabling users to easily replace the development device without causing toner scattering or leakage during the removal and installation process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

4Manufacturing precision

If developer density on the development sleeve is increased, then image density is improved, but developer carry-over and uneven distribution increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimage density uniformityVSAvoiddeveloper carry-over
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The development sleeve is designed with a first circumferential region having a rough surface for high developer density and a second circumferential region having a smooth surface for low developer density. This local differentiation allows the rough region to provide sufficient toner for image formation (improving image density) while the smooth region prevents excessive developer carry-over and ensures even distribution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution effectively reduces toner scattering and ensures consistent image density by optimizing developer conveyance and distribution, preventing carry-over and maintaining high image quality in electrophotographic devices.

Implementation Method 1

multiple oblique recesses, which generate a sucking-in airflow

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAirflow generation:

Implementation Method 2

a magnetic field generator such as a magnetic roller or multiple magnets are provided inside the development sleeve to generate magnetic fields for causing the developer (i.e., developer particles) to stand on end on and get piled on a surface of the development sleeve

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetic field: Magnetic Field

Implementation Method 3

the carrier particles stand on end on the surface of the development sleeve along lines of magnetic force generated by the magnet roller

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetism: Magnetism

Implementation Method 4

the toner (i.e., toner particles) is electrostatically adsorbed to the carrier (i.e., carrier particles)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrostatic adsorption: Electrostatics

Implementation Method 5

the development roller conveys the toner electrostatically attracted to the carrier to a development area

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrostatic attraction: Electrostatics

Data Source

PatentEP2363756B1Development device, and process cartridge and image forming apparatus incorporating same
Publication Date: 2021.04.28 RICOH CO LTD
  • EP2363756B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2363756B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2363756B1 patent drawingFigure 3~5

AI summary

A development device (113) includes a developer container (117), a developer carrier (132), exposed partly from a casing (125), facing a latent image carrier (108) in a development area (131), a magnetic fields generator (133) inside the developer carrier, having multiple magnetic poles including a developer conveyance pole (P2,P3) to convey the developer downstream from the development area to a developer release portion (137), a developer agitator (118), and a developer regulator (116). A predetermined gap is kept between an outer surface of the developer carrier and an inner wall of the casing downstream from an opening (125a) of the casing, upstream from a developer release portion, in a direction in which the developer carrier rotates. Multiple recesses (139) are formed in the outer surface of the developer carrier at a pitch in a circumferential direction shorter than half a width of a magnetic flux density of the developer conveyance pole in a direction perpendicular to an axial direction of the developer carrier.