Devitalized Cell Biomaterials for Tissue Regeneration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current tissue engineering methods for bone and cartilage reconstruction face limitations due to poor diffusion of oxygen and nutrients, limited cellular engraftment, and immune responses in allogenic or xenogeneic grafts, leading to suboptimal results and potential infections.
Innovation Solution
A sterile and desiccated biomaterial comprising devitalized differentiated cells embedded in an extracellular matrix with a particulate material, such as gelatin or ceramic particles, which maintains tissue regenerating and repairing properties after sterilization by gamma-irradiation, allowing for safe use in allogenic or xenogeneic applications.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If living cells are used in tissue engineering, then tissue regenerating properties are improved, but immune rejection and infection risk worsen in allogenic or xenogeneic applications
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes the harmful immunogenic components from cells while retaining the beneficial tissue regenerating properties. Devitalized cells are used as a source of extracellular matrix and growth factors without the risks associated with living allogenic or xenogeneic cells
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a biomaterial that copies the essential regenerative functions of living cells through devitalized cells and extracellular matrix, which provide growth factors and structural support without requiring living cellular components that could trigger immune rejection
2Object-affected harmful factors
If sterilization is applied to biomaterials, then infection risk is reduced, but biological properties and regenerative capacity deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses devitalized cells that have been sterilized but still retain their structural and biochemical properties. The extracellular matrix and growth factors are preserved through the devitalization process, maintaining regenerative capacity while eliminating infection risk
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the viability parameter of cells from living to devitalized state, which allows for sterilization without loss of regenerative properties. The devitalized cells maintain their extracellular matrix and growth factor content while being free from infectious agents
3Volume of stationary object
If large size implants are used for critical-sized bone defects, then coverage is improved, but oxygen and nutrient diffusion worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses devitalized cells that have pre-formed extracellular matrix and growth factors, eliminating the need for complex vascularization that would be required in large living cell implants. The biomaterial provides structural support and regenerative signals without requiring extensive oxygen and nutrient diffusion
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The biomaterial effectively promotes tissue regeneration and repair while avoiding immune rejection and maintaining biological properties, enhancing the safety and efficacy of tissue reconstruction procedures.
Implementation Method 1
sterilization by gamma-irradiation
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to sterile and desiccated biomaterials comprising devitalized differentiated cells having tissue regenerating and/or repairing properties, and a particulate material, the cells and the particulate material being embedded in an extracellular matrix. The particulate material is preferably gelatin, a ceramic material, or a demineralized bone matrix (DBM).