Dialysate Blood Detection Using Transmitted and Scattered Light
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing dialysis machines face challenges in reliably detecting blood leakage in the dialysate flow without complex calibration processes, which can lead to medical complications and technical faults.
Innovation Solution
A detection method and device that utilizes dual light sources and detectors to measure transmitted and scattered light components, eliminating the need for brightness calibration by leveraging opposite changes in signal intensity with blood concentration, and optionally incorporating UV light for urea concentration measurement.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a single light source and single detector are used to detect blood in dialysate flow, then the device structure is simple, but brightness variations of the light source cause false detections
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the light detection into two separate detection locations: one for detecting transmitted light and another for detecting scattered light. This segmentation allows the system to distinguish between brightness variations of the light source and actual blood leakage by comparing signals from the two detection locations, thereby resolving the contradiction between simple structure and reliable detection.
2Measurement precision
If two light sources emitting at different wavelengths are used, then blood leakage detection capability is improved, but device complexity and calibration requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of using two light sources to detect blood leakage, the patent inverts the approach by using a single light source and detecting both transmitted and scattered light components. This inversion simplifies the device structure while maintaining blood leakage detection precision by exploiting the different optical paths and interactions of light with blood cells in the dialysate flow.
3Reliability
If brightness calibration of light sources is performed, then false detections from brightness variations are avoided, but the calibration process becomes complex and time-consuming
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a self-service mechanism where the system automatically compensates for light source brightness variations through real-time comparison of transmitted and scattered light signals. The control unit continuously monitors both detection locations and adjusts the detection threshold dynamically, eliminating the need for manual calibration operations while maintaining high detection accuracy.
4Reliability
If multiple detection locations are used, then brightness variations are compensated, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the functions of multiple detection locations into a single integrated detection device structure. The control unit combines signals from both detection locations and processes them together to determine blood leakage, achieving reliable detection without requiring separate complex detection systems for each location.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Facilitates simple and reliable blood leakage detection in dialysate flow, avoiding false positives from brightness variations and enabling simultaneous Kt/V value determination for treatment progress assessment.
Implementation Method 1
radiating light into the dialysate flow; registering a light component of the light radiated in that has been transmitted through the dialysate flow
Implementation Method 2
registering a light component of the light radiated in that has been scattered in the dialysate flow
Data Source
AI summary
A method and a detection device for detecting blood in a dialysate flow of a dialysis machine during extracorporeal blood treatment.