Dialysis Fluid Circuit Segmentation for Reduced Treatment Downtime

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Solution Overview

Problem

Dialysis machines in centers require extensive disinfection between treatments, leading to significant downtime and increased nurse time, as the entire dialysis circuit is typically sterilized, which is time-consuming.

Innovation Solution

Implementing local disinfection methods using UV disinfection devices and self-heating dialysis tubes, allowing parallel disinfection of flexible tubes during treatment, reducing the need for extensive circuit disinfection.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If the entire dialysis circuit is sterilized between treatments, then infection prevention is ensured, but treatment downtime increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinfection preventionVSAvoidtreatment downtime
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the dialysis circuit into two segments: a reusable portion (dialyzer and connections) and a disposable portion (dialysis fluid lines). Only the disposable lines are discarded after each treatment, while the reusable portion is cleaned and prepared for the next patient. This segmentation allows infection prevention without requiring complete sterilization of the entire circuit, thereby reducing treatment downtime.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs disposable dialysis fluid lines that are discarded after a single use. These inexpensive, single-use components eliminate the need for sterilizing the fluid delivery pathways between patients, while the more expensive reusable dialyzer and machine components are cleaned and reused. This approach prevents infection without the time-consuming process of complete circuit sterilization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

2Reliability

If the entire dialysis circuit is disinfected, then patient safety is maintained, but nurse time and operational cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepatient safetyVSAvoidnurse time efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The circuit is segmented into disposable fluid lines and reusable dialyzer components. The disposable lines are discarded after one use, eliminating the need for nurses to perform time-consuming sterilization procedures on the entire circuit. Only the reusable portion requires cleaning, which takes significantly less time and nursing intervention, thereby improving productivity while maintaining patient safety.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

By using disposable dialysis fluid lines, the patent eliminates the need for extensive disinfection procedures that require significant nurse time. The disposable nature of these components ensures patient safety through single-use elimination of contamination risk, while the reusable portion requires minimal cleaning, thus improving operational efficiency and reducing nursing workload.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

3Reliability

If complete circuit disinfection is performed, then cross-contamination is prevented, but machine availability decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecross-contamination preventionVSAvoidmachine availability
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The dialysis circuit is divided into disposable fluid delivery lines and reusable dialyzer components. The disposable lines are discarded after each treatment, preventing cross-contamination in the fluid pathway without requiring sterilization of the entire circuit. This allows the reusable portion to be quickly prepared for the next patient, maintaining high machine availability while preventing cross-contamination.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Disposable dialysis fluid lines are used to prevent cross-contamination in the fluid delivery system. These single-use components are discarded after each treatment, eliminating the need for time-consuming sterilization of the entire circuit. The reusable dialyzer and machine components can be quickly cleaned and prepared, maintaining high machine availability while ensuring cross-contamination prevention through the disposable fluid pathways.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Reduces downtime between treatments by enabling simultaneous treatment and disinfection of dialysis machines, minimizing nurse time and maintaining machine availability.

Implementation Method 1

UV disinfection devices and self-heating dialysis tubes

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectUV disinfection: Radiation

Implementation Method 2

self-heating dialysis tubes

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectResistive heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 3

The machines may be provided in a center or in a patient's home

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat exchange: Heat Exchanger

Data Source

PatentEP4188475B1Renal failure therapy systems having reduced time between treatments
Publication Date: 2025.11.05 GAMBRO LUNDIA AB
  • EP4188475B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4188475B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4188475B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A renal failure therapy system (10) includes: a fresh dialysis fluid (possibly flexible) tube (72) having a connector (72a) for connecting to a dialyzer (102); a spent dialysis fluid (possibly flexible) tube (74) having a connector (74a) for connecting to the dialyzer (102); a dialysis fluid circuit (30) including a fresh dialysis fluid line (70), a spent dialysis fluid line (56), at least one of (i) a first disinfection device (90a) positioned between the fresh dialysis fluid line (70) and the fresh dialysis fluid tube (72), or (ii) a second disinfection device (90c) positioned between the spent dialysis fluid line (70) and the spent dialysis fluid tube (74), and recirculation circuitry extending to (i) a first machine connector (28a) for mating with the connector (72a) of the fresh dialysis fluid tube (72) during local disinfection and (ii) a second machine connector (28c) for mating with the connector (74a) of the spent dialysis fluid tube (74) during local disinfection; and a control unit (20) configured to cause the first and second disinfection devices (90a, 90b) to be energized during the local disinfection.