Peritoneal Dialysis Control Device Using Transport Model
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) systems lack a method to validate set values for control parameters in advance of a treatment and do not account for individual patient variability in solute transport and ultrafiltration capacity, leading to inefficient treatments and potential human error.
Innovation Solution
A control device that uses a mathematical transport model to configure and adjust control parameters for a dialysis machine based on patient-specific transport properties, allowing for real-time data analysis and adaptive treatment settings.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a healthcare professional determines set values for control parameters based on experience and general guidelines, then the dialysis machine can be operated, but there is no way of validating that the set values are reasonably correct in advance and considerable variability between patients in solute transport capacity and ultrafiltration capacity cannot be accounted for
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by performing peritoneal testing before the actual dialysis treatment to assess the patient's peritoneal membrane functionality. The control device uses the test results to pre-determine appropriate set values for control parameters, allowing validation of these values before treatment begins. This resolves the contradiction by enabling advance validation of set values without requiring complex real-time adjustments during treatment.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback through the peritoneal testing process, where the control device receives test results and uses them to adjust and validate control parameter set values. The system continuously monitors treatment parameters and compares them against target values, making real-time adjustments to ensure optimal dialysis performance tailored to each patient's specific peritoneal characteristics.
2Measurement precision
If a Standard PET test is performed to assess peritoneal functionality, then patient-specific information can be obtained, but the test is complicated and requires significant expenditure of time and resources
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the essential peritoneal functionality assessment from the complex Standard PET test by identifying and measuring only the critical transport properties (solute transport capacity and ultrafiltration capacity) needed for dialysis treatment. The control device uses simplified measurement approaches that capture the necessary peritoneal characteristics without requiring the full complexity of standard PET protocols, thereby reducing time and resource requirements while maintaining measurement precision.
3Productivity
If continuous exposure to treatment fluids is performed, then peritoneal dialysis treatment can be maintained, but functional alterations of the peritoneum over time occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by making the control parameters adaptive rather than fixed. The control device continuously monitors treatment outcomes and peritoneal response, adjusting control parameter set values in real-time to account for functional alterations of the peritoneum over time. This dynamic adjustment allows the system to maintain optimal treatment effectiveness while accommodating changes in peritoneal membrane functionality, thereby supporting continuous treatment capability without compromising stability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables more precise and efficient peritoneal dialysis treatments by ensuring that target treatment parameters are met, reducing human error, and providing updated patient-specific data for improved treatment outcomes.
Implementation Method 1
Substances (solutes) are removed from the patient's blood mainly by diffusion across the peritoneum into the treatment fluid
Implementation Method 2
Excess fluid (water) is also removed by osmosis through the peritoneum, by the treatment fluid containing osmotic agent
Implementation Method 3
The removal of excess fluid is also known as ultrafiltration
Data Source
AI summary
A control device performs a method to generate control signals for a dialysis machine, which is configured to perform peritoneal dialysis, PD, treatment comprising one or more fluid exchange cycles in relation to a peritoneal cavity of a patient, to cause a transport of fluid and solutes through its peritoneal membrane. The method comprises: obtaining a target value of a treatment parameter for the PD treatment, obtaining a transport property of the peritoneal membrane, and configuring a transport model by use of the at least one transport property. The transport model defines the transport of fluid and solutes through the peritoneal membrane as a function of control parameters for the PD treatment. The method further comprises: evaluating the transport model to determine set values of the control parameters to achieve the target value, and generating the control signals in correspondence with the set values.