Dialysis Shunt Recirculation Detection via Arterial Pressure
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing dialysis machines face challenges in detecting shunt recirculation efficiently, which reduces dialysis efficiency, and current methods require complex hematocrit measurements and additional sensors.
Innovation Solution
A dialysis machine with an extracorporeal blood circuit and a control unit that uses an arterial pressure sensor to detect changes in blood viscosity caused by recirculation, eliminating the need for venous line measurements and utilizing existing sensors, with trigger events such as dilution or ultrafiltration pump adjustments to indicate recirculation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If hematocrit sensors are used in arterial and venous lines to detect shunt recirculation, then recirculation detection capability is achieved, but device complexity increases due to additional sensors and complex measurement procedures
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts the recirculation detection function from the complex hematocrit measurement system and implements it using only the existing arterial pressure sensor. By monitoring pressure changes in the arterial line alone, the system eliminates the need for venous sensors and complex hematocrit measurements, thereby reducing device complexity while maintaining detection capability
Solution Approach 2:
The arterial pressure sensor, originally designed for monitoring blood pressure during dialysis, is made multi-functional by enabling it to detect shunt recirculation as well. This eliminates the need for dedicated recirculation sensors and simplifies the overall device architecture
2Measurement precision
If venous line measurements are used to detect recirculation, then accurate recirculation detection is achieved, but the measurement system becomes more complex requiring additional sensors
Solution Approach 1:
The invention segments the recirculation detection process into a simplified single-point measurement in the arterial line, eliminating the need for multi-point measurements in both arterial and venous lines. This single arterial pressure measurement approach reduces measurement system complexity while maintaining detection accuracy
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of measuring recirculation directly in the venous line where recirculated blood enters, the invention inverts the approach by detecting recirculation effects in the arterial line where recirculated blood is重新引入. This inversion simplifies the measurement system by using existing arterial sensors
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Simplifies the detection of shunt recirculation by using existing arterial pressure sensors, enhancing sensitivity and reducing complexity, allowing for effective monitoring without additional hardware, thereby improving dialysis efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
a temporary thickening of the blood flowing on the pressure side of the blood pump in the extracorporeal circulation. This temporary thickening of the blood leads to a temporary change in blood viscosity
Implementation Method 2
the resulting temporary change in flow resistance at the venous needle causes a change in the extracorporeal blood pressure on the suction side of the pump. This change can be detected by the sensor
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to a dialysis device with an extracorporeal blood circuit that has an arterial line with a blood pump and an arterial needle for connecting to a patient, a venous line with a venous needle for connecting to a patient, and a dialyzer which is arranged between the arterial and the venous line and comprises a blood chamber and a dialysis liquid chamber. The dialysis device further comprises a control unit and an extracorporeal blood pressure sensor arranged on the suction side of the blood pump. The control unit is designed such that a signal is output which indicates the presence of a recirculation when a change in a sensor signal following a trigger event exceeds a threshold.