Diameter Traffic Monitoring via Intelligent Delta Correlation

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Solution Overview

Problem

The increasing bandwidth demands in mobile data networks, particularly with the migration from 3G to 4G LTE, pose challenges in monitoring Diameter traffic and performance across Diameter Core Agents (DCAs), including scalability issues and the need for cost-effective monitoring solutions that provide end-to-end visibility and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs).

Innovation Solution

A method and system for monitoring Diameter traffic across DCAs, involving correlating messages following the Diameter protocol, extracting Attribute-Value Pairs (AVPs), and measuring load distribution, which includes matching IP addresses, Hop-by-Hop IDs, origin hosts, and End-to-End IDs to provide an end-to-end view of signaling messages and transactions, and employing Intelligent Delta Monitoring to minimize processing requirements.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If traditional monitoring solutions are used to monitor Diameter traffic, then monitoring capability is provided, but cost increases significantly due to the enormous amount of Diameter traffic leaving and entering DCA ports

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemonitoring capabilityVSAvoidmonitoring cost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts only the necessary monitoring information (correlated view of signaling messages and transactions) from the massive Diameter traffic flow. By using intelligent delta monitoring and correlation techniques, the system processes only essential data elements (AVPs) rather than the complete traffic streams, significantly reducing processing requirements and costs while maintaining monitoring effectiveness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The monitoring function is segmented into distributed components that operate at different stages of the Diameter signaling flow. The system divides the monitoring task into correlation of request-response message pairs, extraction of specific AVPs, and aggregation of KPIs, allowing processing at multiple points in the traffic path rather than requiring a single expensive centralized monitoring point.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Measurement precision

If comprehensive monitoring of DCA performance and routing functionality is implemented, then detailed KPIs are obtained, but processing capacity requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveKPI measurement detailVSAvoidprocessing capacity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The system applies different monitoring depths to different parts of the Diameter signaling flow based on local requirements. Instead of uniformly processing all traffic, the intelligent delta monitoring technique processes only the delta (changes) in AVPs at each DCA, allowing detailed KPI measurement where needed while reducing processing where the traffic pattern is stable or less critical.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements partial monitoring by focusing only on the correlation of request-response message pairs and extraction of specific AVPs rather than processing every aspect of Diameter traffic. This selective approach provides sufficient KPI detail for performance monitoring while avoiding the excessive processing cost of analyzing all traffic parameters in full detail.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

3Loss of information

If end-to-end correlated view of signaling messages is provided, then complete transaction visibility is achieved, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetransaction visibilityVSAvoidcorrelation system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The correlation system uses feedback mechanisms where response messages are matched back to their corresponding request messages using correlation identifiers. This feedback-based correlation approach maintains complete transaction visibility by ensuring that every response is traced back to its origin request, providing end-to-end visibility while keeping the correlation logic manageable through systematic matching procedures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Data Source

PatentEP2744151B1Method, system, and computer-readable medium for monitoring traffic across diameter core agents
Publication Date: 2017.08.09 NETSCOUT SYSTEMS TEXAS LLC
  • EP2744151B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2744151B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP2744151B1 patent drawingFigure 5~7

AI summary

Systems and methods for monitoring traffic across Diameter Core Agents (DCAs) 501 such as, for example, Diameter Signaling Routers (DSRs) and/or Diameter Routing Agents (DRAs). In some embodiments, a method includes receiving a first set of one or more messages 506, 509 at a telecommunications monitoring system, the first set of one or more messages transmitted between a Diameter client 502 and a Diameter device 501. The method also includes receiving a second set of one or more messages 507, 508 at the telecommunications monitoring system, the second set of one or more messages transmitted between the Diameter device 501 and a Diameter server 503. The method further includes correlating the first set of one or more messages with the second set of one or more messages as part of a single Diameter call, i.e. it is determined that those messages correspond to a single call. This process may allow downstream applications to construct an end-to-end view of the Diameter call, and provide key performance indicators (KPI)between LTE endpoints. Since diameter core 501 only modifies a few specific Attribute-Value Pairs (AVPs) of the ingress packet's 504 header, only the modified AVPs may be extracted without performing full decoding transaction and session tracking of egress packets 505 (Intelligent Delta Monitoring).