Diamide Insecticidal Composition for Solubility and Stable Dilution
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Solution Overview
Problem
Diamide-based insecticidal active ingredients face challenges in solubility issues in polar solvents, leading to precipitation and reduced efficacy when diluted, and require nonpolar solvents like xylene, which pose inhalation toxicity and fire risks.
Innovation Solution
An insecticidal composition using a solvent with a specific range of relative dielectric constant and transition energy, combined with a nonionic surfactant, and limited nonpolar solvent content, enhances solubility and stability, eliminating the need for hazardous solvents.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If a highly polar solvent is used to dissolve diamide-based insecticidal active ingredient, then solubility is improved, but precipitation occurs upon water dilution due to decreased solubility
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the polarity parameter of the solvent system by using a nonpolar solvent (relative dielectric constant 2.0-5.0) instead of a highly polar solvent. This parameter change allows the active ingredient to remain soluble in the formulation while avoiding precipitation upon water dilution, as the nonpolar solvent does not mix with water to cause crystallization.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite solvent system combining a nonpolar solvent with specific surfactants (anionic, cationic, or nonionic). This composite material approach enables the formulation to maintain solubility of the diamide-based active ingredient while achieving stability upon water dilution through the synergistic effect of the solvent and surfactant combination.
2Quantity of substance
If a nonpolar solvent like aromatic hydrocarbon is used to dissolve active ingredient, then solubility is improved, but inhalation toxicity and fire risk increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameter of the nonpolar solvent by replacing aromatic hydrocarbons (xylene, toluene) with aliphatic hydrocarbons (n-hexane, n-heptane, isoparaffin) or halogenated hydrocarbons (dichloromethane, chloroform). This substitution maintains the nonpolar character needed for solubility while reducing inhalation toxicity and fire hazards associated with aromatic solvents.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs volatile solvents that evaporate quickly after application, reducing the duration of exposure to harmful factors. The use of solvents with appropriate volatility ensures that the active ingredient is delivered effectively while minimizing residual toxicity and fire risk in the environment.
3Reliability
If nonpolar solvent content is increased to improve solubility, then harmful organism control effect is improved, but formulation stability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the concentration parameter of the nonpolar solvent within a specific range (5-50 mL per 100g formulation). This parameter optimization ensures sufficient solubility of the active ingredient while maintaining formulation stability. The patent further refines this by specifying that the nonpolar solvent should constitute 10-80% by weight of the total solvent content.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces surfactants as intermediary substances that mediate between the nonpolar solvent and the active ingredient. The surfactants (anionic, cationic, or nonionic) act as emulsifiers and solubility enhancers, allowing the formulation to maintain stability while containing sufficient nonpolar solvent to dissolve the diamide-based active ingredient effectively.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition achieves excellent harmful organism control with improved emulsification and preservation stability, reducing toxicity and fire risks while maintaining efficacy.
Implementation Method 1
dissolving an insecticidal active ingredient in a solvent having a specific range of a relative dielectric constant and transition energy
Implementation Method 2
combining a nonionic surfactant therewith... an excellent emulsifying property in a case of being diluted with water
Data Source
AI summary
An insecticidal composition of the present invention includes (1) a diamide-based insecticidal active ingredient; (2) a solvent having 5 or more of a relative dielectric constant (εr) and 38 kcal/mol or more of a transition energy (εT (30)); (3) a nonionic surfactant; and (4) a nonpolar solvent that is contained in an amount less than 30% by weight with respect to a total amount of the composition.