Diamminesilver Hydroxide Catalytic Ink Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing catalytic inks using metal ions like palladium, silver, and gold are unstable and require immediate reduction to prevent undesired reactions, limiting their reactivity and stability when applied to substrates.
Innovation Solution
A catalyst comprising support particles with metallic materials such as diamminesilver hydroxide, silver salts, palladium salts, or gold salts, which are stable and do not require immediate reduction, combined with a resin and solvent to form a catalytic ink that can be printed on substrates and reduced later to form conductive metals.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If metal ions (palladium, silver, gold ions) are used in catalytic ink, then catalytic activity is achieved, but stability deteriorates and immediate reduction is required to prevent undesired reactions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an organic ligand as an intermediary substance that coordinates with metal ions to form stable complexes. This ligand acts as a mediator that preserves the metal ions' catalytic activity while preventing their instability and undesired reactions during storage and application, thereby resolving the contradiction between stability and catalytic activity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical state of metal ions from simple aqueous ions to coordinated complexes with organic ligands. This parameter change in the chemical environment of the metal ions enhances their stability while maintaining their catalytic function, allowing delayed reduction without losing effectiveness
2Stability of the object's composition
If metal ions are stabilized in solution, then reactivity is reduced, but if immediate reduction is performed, then stability is improved but process flexibility is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-stabilizing metal ions with organic ligands in the ink formulation, allowing the ink to be stored and handled without immediate reduction. This preliminary stabilization enables flexible process timing while maintaining metal ion integrity, resolving the contradiction between stability and process flexibility
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The catalytic ink maintains stability and reactivity for an extended period, allowing for delayed reduction of metal ions into catalytic metals, enhancing the preservation and usability of the ink layer without immediate reduction reactions.
Implementation Method 1
subjecting the metallic material of the catalyst to a reduction reaction so as to form a catalytic metal
Implementation Method 2
contacting the catalytic metal of the ink layer with a solution containing conductive metal ions, such that a conductive metal is formed and deposited on the ink layer by reduction of the conductive metal ions using the catalytic metal
Data Source
AI summary
A catalyst for a catalytic ink includes a support particle and a metallic material supported on the support particle. The metallic material is diamminesilver hydroxide, a silver salt, a palladium salt, a gold salt, chloroauric acid, or combinations thereof. A catalytic ink obtained from the catalyst and use of the same to fabricate a conductive circuit are also disclosed.