Dielectric Antenna Structure for Beam Coverage and Gain Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Next-generation wireless communication systems face challenges in achieving high antenna gain and beam coverage due to signal distortion and reflection from conductive elements in electronic devices, particularly at high frequencies, leading to deteriorated radiation patterns and reduced network capacity.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a dielectric structure with varying dielectric constants into the antenna design, including a high-dielectric injected portion and low-dielectric recesses, to optimize the radiation path and support the printed circuit board, thereby enhancing antenna gain and beam coverage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If the antenna structure is disposed in an inward direction to avoid interference from conductive lateral members and electrical structures, then signal distortion and reflection are reduced, but the main beam of the radiation pattern may be split at high frequencies, deteriorating antenna gain and directivity
Solution Approach 1:
A dielectric member is introduced as an intermediary component between the antenna radiator and the conductive lateral member. This dielectric member has a specific dielectric constant (greater than 2.6) and is positioned to fill the space between these components, thereby mediating the electromagnetic field interaction and preventing harmful signal distortion and reflection while maintaining proper beam formation
Solution Approach 2:
The dielectric constant of the material between the antenna and conductive structures is specifically controlled to be greater than 2.6. By changing this material parameter, the electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics are improved, preventing beam splitting and maintaining high antenna gain and directivity at high frequencies
2Productivity
If conventional antenna structures are used in next-generation wireless communication systems operating at high frequencies, then device integration is achieved, but free space loss increases and radiation performance deteriorates due to frequency characteristics
Solution Approach 1:
The dielectric member acts as an intermediary that enhances the radiation efficiency of the antenna at high frequencies. By positioning this dielectric structure between the radiator and conductive components, it improves the electromagnetic field distribution and reduces energy loss, thereby enabling effective next-generation wireless communication
Solution Approach 2:
The patent specifically selects materials with dielectric constants greater than 2.6 to optimize the electromagnetic radiation characteristics at high frequencies (3 GHz to 300 GHz). This parameter change in material properties directly addresses the increased free space loss by improving the antenna's radiation efficiency
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The dielectric structure improves antenna gain and expands beam coverage, effectively addressing signal distortion and reflection issues, leading to enhanced radiation performance and network capacity.
Implementation Method 1
a first dielectric structure disposed on a radiation path of the beam pattern, formed integrally with or combined with the PCB, and having a second dielectric constant equal to or different from the first dielectric constant, and a second dielectric structure disposed on the radiation path between the first dielectric structure and the first cover, and having a third dielectric constant higher than the first dielectric constant and the second dielectric constant
Data Source
AI summary
An electronic device is provided. The device includes a housing including a first cover having a first dielectric constant, and an antenna structure disposed in an inner space of the housing. The antenna structure may include a PCB, an antenna element disposed in the PCB to form a beam pattern in a specific direction, a first dielectric structure disposed on a radiation path of the beam pattern, formed integrally with or combined with the PCB, and having a second dielectric constant equal to or different from the first dielectric constant, and a second dielectric structure disposed on the radiation path between the first dielectric structure and the first cover, and having a third dielectric constant higher than the first dielectric constant and the second dielectric constant. The electronic device may further include a wireless communication circuit configured to transmit and/or receive a radio signal through the antenna element.