Dielectric Jet System for Liquid Plasma Generation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current plasma generation systems in liquids, such as Arthrocare, have a short lifetime and limited output, and are primarily designed for water, failing to effectively handle conductive organic or inorganic solutions and requiring specific gas supply systems, which limits their application and efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A jet system using a dielectric cylindrical rod with a conically beveled or plane-ended design, featuring a metal electrode inserted into an orifice, immersed in conductive liquids, which generates plasma through local heating and microbubble expansion, allowing for a wide range of power supply frequencies and configurations, including direct and alternating current.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If gas supply means are used for plasma generation in liquids, then plasma can be generated in water, but the system cannot effectively handle conductive organic or inorganic solutions and requires complex gas supply systems
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and removes the gas supply system from the plasma generation device, replacing it with a liquid-immersed electrode configuration. The electrode is directly immersed in the liquid medium, eliminating the need for external gas supply mechanisms and making the system adaptable to various conductive liquids including organic and inorganic solutions.
Solution Approach 2:
The electrode system is designed to function universally across different liquid types (water, organic solutions, inorganic solutions) without requiring configuration changes or additional gas supply components. The same electrode structure handles diverse conductive liquids, providing multi-functional capability.
2Productivity
If conventional plasma generation systems are used, then plasma can be generated, but the system has short lifetime and limited output
Solution Approach 1:
The invention replaces mechanical gas supply systems with an electrical field-based plasma generation mechanism. The electrode directly generates plasma in the liquid medium through electrical discharge, eliminating mechanical wear components and extending system lifetime while maintaining high plasma output.
3Power
If gas supply systems are used for plasma generation, then plasma can be created, but operational costs increase due to gas flow control requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The liquid medium itself serves as the plasma generation environment, eliminating the need for external gas supply. The system uses the liquid's own properties to sustain plasma discharge, making the liquid both the working medium and the plasma sustainment medium, thereby reducing operational costs.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves long-lasting, high-performance plasma generation with varied reactive species, inducing complex chemistry and physical phenomena, suitable for diverse applications without gas flow control, offering low operational costs and versatility in power supply options.
Implementation Method 1
the liquid is locally heated in regions with high electric field intensity (and thus with high current density). This effect leads to the formation of microbubbles
Implementation Method 2
the breakdown (i.e. the discharge creation) is caused by the same principle as in gases, i.e. by the generation of electron avalanches
Implementation Method 3
a pinhole configuration where electrode spaces are separated by a dielectric barrier made of convenient material
Data Source
Figure 1~2
AI summary
The invention is related to the jet system for plasma generation in liquids. It consists of a dielectric cylindrical rod with one end conically bevelled. An orifice with the diameter from 0.1 to 2 mm is made along its whole longitudinal axis. A metal electrode is inserted in this orifice so that a free space is created between its end and the conical end of the cylindrical rod. The system further consists of the second electrode which can be coaxially mounted to the ceramic cylindrical rod. One the electrodes is grounded. The cylindrical rod and both electrodes are immersed into the liquid with conductivity of 10-15 000 µS/cm. The subject matter of the invention is also the method of plasma generation using the jet. When direct current or alternating current voltage in the range of 50 Hz-2450 MHz is applied, microbubbles are created due to electric current passing through the orifice in the jet. The electric discharge is ignited inside microbubbles when the voltage amplitude is at least 700 V. Microbubbles with plasma inside further expand into the liquid, and an electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength region up to 1100 nm is emitted.