Dielectric Lens Antenna Module for Impedance Matching
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Solution Overview
Problem
In conventional radio units, impedance mismatching occurs at the interface between the antenna element and the lens due to a difference in permittivity, leading to reflection of radio waves and a decrease in antenna gain.
Innovation Solution
An antenna module with a dielectric lens integrated into the radiating electrode, where the dielectric is filled between the power supply circuit and the radiating electrode, ensuring a uniform permittivity and preventing impedance mismatching.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Shape
If a lens is placed in the opening of the housing to achieve desired directivity, then the antenna directivity is improved, but impedance mismatching occurs at the interface between the air layer and the lens due to permittivity difference, causing radio wave reflection and decreasing antenna gain
Solution Approach 1:
A dielectric layer with intermediate permittivity value is introduced between the antenna element and the lens. This dielectric layer acts as a transition medium that gradually changes the permittivity from the air layer to the lens material, thereby reducing the abrupt impedance mismatching and minimizing radio wave reflection at the interface.
Solution Approach 2:
The permittivity parameter is gradually changed by introducing a dielectric layer with intermediate permittivity value between the air layer (low permittivity) and the lens (high permittivity). This gradual parameter transition reduces the impedance mismatching effect and prevents radio wave reflection, thereby maintaining antenna gain while preserving the directivity improvement provided by the lens.
2Reliability
If a dielectric is filled between the power supply circuit and the radiating electrode with a lens part formed at overlapping position, then the permittivity remains uniform in the radio wave path and impedance mismatching is suppressed, but the device structure becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The dielectric layer serves multiple functions simultaneously: it provides electrical insulation between the power supply circuit and the radiating electrode, maintains uniform permittivity in the radio wave propagation path, and acts as an impedance matching layer to reduce reflection. By combining these functions into a single component, the overall device complexity is minimized while achieving the desired impedance matching and directivity performance.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The integration of a dielectric lens with uniform permittivity suppresses impedance mismatching, enhancing antenna characteristics by reducing radio wave reflection and maintaining gain.
Implementation Method 1
a desired directivity can be achieved by using the lens to change a path of radio waves radiated from the antenna element
Implementation Method 2
permittivity does not change significantly. Thus, the characteristics of the antenna can be improved while occurrence of impedance mismatching being prevented
Data Source
AI summary
An antenna module includes a mounting board with a flat plate shape, and a power supply circuit to supply a radio frequency signal. The power supply circuit is mounted on the mounting board, and a radiating electrode is arranged on the power supply circuit. A dielectric fills a region around the power supply circuit and the radiating electrode. A conductive layer covers at least part of the dielectric. In the dielectric, a lens part is formed at a position overlapping the radiating electrode in plan view of the mounting board. The dielectric includes a first region in which the lens part is formed and a second region other than the first region, and the conductive layer is formed in the second region.