Diesel Engine Water-Diesel Emulsion Control System
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for producing water-diesel fuel emulsions in diesel engines are inadequate for dynamically changing load and speed conditions, leading to inefficient pollutant reduction and increased emissions, particularly due to limitations in adapting the water fraction and potential for emulsion separation and corrosion in injection systems.
Innovation Solution
A method and device that use a mechanical emulsifying system integrated into the high-pressure part of the diesel injection system to produce a stable water-diesel emulsion with a dynamically changeable water fraction, eliminating the need for emulsifiers and allowing quick adaptation to engine operating conditions by minimizing injection line volumes and using a hydraulically driven high-pressure metering pump to control the water fraction, enabling efficient NOx and soot emission reduction.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-generated harmful factors
If a water-diesel fuel emulsion is used to reduce NOx and soot emissions, then pollutant reduction is improved, but the emulsion may separate and cause corrosion in the injection system
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by flushing the injection system with pure diesel fuel before and after emulsion operation. This preliminary flushing action removes water and emulsion residues from the injection system, preventing corrosion and ensuring system reliability when switching between pure diesel and emulsion modes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the water fraction parameter dynamically based on engine operating conditions. The control device adjusts the water fraction in the emulsion to optimize pollutant reduction while maintaining stability, and switches between pure diesel and emulsion modes based on detected operating parameters.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If the water fraction is increased to reduce emissions further, then pollutant reduction is improved, but the emulsion becomes less stable and more prone to separation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent dynamically adjusts the water fraction parameter based on engine operating conditions such as load, speed, and temperature. The control device optimizes the water fraction to achieve the desired emission reduction while maintaining emulsion stability, preventing separation by adapting the composition to current operating requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a dynamic emulsion system where the water fraction can be changed in real-time based on detected engine operating parameters. This dynamic adaptation allows the system to optimize emission reduction while maintaining stability under varying conditions, rather than using a fixed emulsion composition.
3Productivity
If a mechanical emulsifying system is integrated into the high-pressure injection system, then emulsion production capability is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the mechanical emulsifying system with the existing high-pressure injection system components. The emulsifying pump and mixing chamber are integrated into the high-pressure rail system, combining multiple functions (fuel delivery, emulsification, and injection) into a unified system, thereby reducing overall complexity despite adding emulsion production capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The high-pressure injection system components serve multiple functions: they deliver fuel, create emulsion through mechanical mixing, and inject the fuel-emulsion mixture into the combustion chamber. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate dedicated emulsification components, thereby managing system complexity while improving emulsion production capability.
4Loss of time
If the injection line volumes are minimized for quick adaptation, then response time to changing operating conditions is improved, but the system becomes more sensitive to emulsion separation and contamination
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary flushing action with pure diesel fuel before emulsion operation to remove any pre-existing contaminants or water from the injection lines. This preliminary action ensures that when emulsion is introduced, the system is ready to maintain integrity, reducing the risk of separation and contamination in the minimized injection lines.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent maintains continuous circulation of emulsion through the injection system at high pressure, ensuring constant mixing and preventing separation. This continuous action keeps the emulsion stable in the minimized injection lines, preventing contamination and maintaining integrity while allowing quick adaptation to changing operating conditions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution allows for significant reduction of NOx and soot emissions by ensuring a water fraction close to the technical combustion limit, maintaining low emissions during dynamic engine operation and preventing corrosion by switching to pure diesel fuel during startup and shutdown, thus maintaining engine performance and reducing emissions.
Implementation Method 1
produce a stable water-diesel emulsion
Implementation Method 2
mechanical emulsifying system integrated into the high-pressure part of the diesel injection system
Implementation Method 3
hydraulically driven high-pressure metering pump
Implementation Method 4
control the water fraction
Implementation Method 5
water fraction close to the technical combustion limit
Implementation Method 6
reduction of NOx and soot emissions
Implementation Method 7
diesel engine combustion
Implementation Method 8
chemical processing of the fuel-air mixture then occurs through cracking of the relatively long fuel molecules
Data Source
AI summary
The invention proposes a method and an emulsifying apparatus for the operation of a diesel engine with a water-diesel fuel emulsion, wherein the water fraction is varied as a function of the engine operating point and/or the emulsifying apparatus and/or parts of the injection line are flushed with pure diesel fuel upon a shutdown of the engine.