Differential Microphone System Angular Positioning for Noise Rejection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing sound input apparatuses struggle to effectively isolate target voices from background noise, particularly in environments with high noise levels, and require compact designs to accommodate modern electronic device trends.
Innovation Solution
A microphone system comprising two microphones arranged on a first line that perpendicularly intersects a second line extended from the sound source, with the microphones positioned at angles between 30 degrees and 150 degrees or 210 degrees to 330 degrees relative to the sound source, generating a differential signal to enhance target voice sensitivity while attenuating background noise through directivity and distance-based characteristics.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If a differential microphone is used to eliminate background noise, then noise elimination capability is improved, but the arrangement complexity and sensitivity optimization become more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by optimizing the angular position parameter of microphones. Specifically, it positions microphones at angles of 30-150 degrees or 210-330 degrees relative to the sound source, which transforms the geometric arrangement into a standardized parameter range that simplifies implementation while maintaining noise elimination effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs asymmetry by breaking the traditional symmetric arrangement of microphones. Instead of placing microphones at equal angles or directly facing the sound source, it uses asymmetric angular positions (30-150 degrees or 210-330 degrees) that are specifically optimized for differential signaling, creating an asymmetric configuration that enhances noise rejection while simplifying the overall system design.
2Measurement precision
If microphones are arranged to achieve high target voice sensitivity, then voice collection capability is improved, but the device size and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses parameter changes by defining specific angular ranges (30-150 degrees, 210-330 degrees) for microphone placement. This transforms the complex optimization problem of achieving high sensitivity into a standardized parameter specification, allowing high target voice sensitivity to be achieved through simple angular positioning rather than complex multi-dimensional optimization.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies partial action by focusing optimization on specific angular ranges rather than exploring all possible microphone arrangements. By concentrating the search space to these predefined angular sectors, the system achieves high sensitivity with simpler design constraints, avoiding the need to optimize all possible spatial configurations.
3Volume of moving object
If compact microphone arrangement is used to reduce device size, then compactness is improved, but noise elimination effectiveness may be reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent resolves this contradiction through parameter changes by optimizing the angular parameter rather than relying solely on distance separation. By positioning microphones at specific angles (30-150 degrees or 210-330 degrees) within a compact form factor, the system maintains effective noise elimination through directional differential signaling while achieving compact device dimensions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies dimensionality change by transitioning from distance-based noise separation to angle-based noise separation. Instead of placing microphones far apart in space to improve noise rejection, it uses angular positioning in a different spatial dimension, allowing effective noise elimination within a compact physical footprint by exploiting the directional characteristics of sound waves.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves high sensitivity for target voices while effectively eliminating background noise, maintaining compactness and efficiency in voice collection and noise reduction.
Implementation Method 1
a first microphone, configured to receive sound from the sound source at a first position within the housing, and generate a first voltage signal in accordance with the sound received at the first position; a second microphone, configured to receive sound from the sound source at a second position within the housing, and generate a second voltage signal in accordance with the sound received at the second position
Data Source
AI summary
A microphone system, includes: a housing, adapted to be placed in a reference position relative to a sound source; a first microphone, configured to receive sound from the sound source at a first position within the housing; a second microphone, configured to receive sound from the sound source at a second position within the housing; and a differential signal generator, wherein: the first and second positions are arranged on a first line; and the first line perpendicularly intersects a second line that is extended from the sound source at a third position which is not between the first and second positions, and obliquely intersects a third line that is extended from the sound source at a fourth position which is between the first and second positions, when the housing is placed at the reference position.