Differential Bang-Bang Phase Detector for Low-Jitter MDLLs

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing phase detectors in multiplying delay-locked loops (MDLLs) suffer from clock jitter and reference spur level issues due to non-differential designs, which affect the accuracy and stability of frequency multiplication in wireless communication systems.

Innovation Solution

A fully differential phase detecting circuit using standard digital cells, specifically a set-reset (S-R) latch topology with cross-coupled NAND gates and inverters, is implemented to compare rising edges of reference and feedback signals, eliminating offset and reducing reference spur levels.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If a non-differential phase detector design is used, then the device complexity is reduced, but clock jitter and reference spur levels increase, degrading measurement precision

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvephase detector structureVSAvoidphase detection accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies asymmetry by implementing a fully differential phase detector structure where the symmetric differential configuration (with complementary S-R latches and D flip-flops) eliminates offset errors and reduces reference spur levels, thereby improving measurement precision while maintaining manageable device complexity through systematic design

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

2Measurement precision

If a fully differential phase detector is implemented, then measurement precision and stability are improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvephase detection accuracyVSAvoidphase detector structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the fully differential phase detector into distinct functional blocks: differential S-R latches for edge detection, D flip-flops for phase comparison, and associated logic circuits. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently while maintaining overall precision, thereby managing device complexity through modular architecture

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Ease of manufacture

If standard digital cells are used to implement the phase detector, then ease of manufacture is improved, but measurement precision may be compromised

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefabrication compatibilityVSAvoidphase detection accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs parameter changes by carefully selecting and tuning the characteristics of standard digital cells (such as gate sizes, threshold voltages, and timing parameters) to achieve the desired phase detection precision. This allows the use of conventional manufacturing processes while maintaining high measurement accuracy through optimized cell parameters

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP3100358B1Differential bang-bang phase detector using standard digital cells
Publication Date: 2019.07.24 QUALCOMM INC
  • EP3100358B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3100358B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3100358B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide fully differential phase detectors for use in delay-locked loops, for example. One example phase detecting circuit generally includes a first input for a reference signal; a second input for an input signal to be compared with the reference signal; a set-reset (S-R) latch having a set input, a reset input, a first output, and a second output, and a delay (D) flip-flop having a logic input, a clock input, a reset input, and a logic output. The first input is connected with S-R reset input, the second input is connected with S-R set input, the first S-R output is connected with the D clock input, and the second S-R output is connected with the D reset input. The logic output of the D flip-flop indicates whether the input signal is leading or lagging the reference signal.