Differential Power Divider Circuit With High Port Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing power dividers and combiners in modern communication systems face challenges in achieving high bandwidth, low insertion loss, and high isolation, failing to meet the requirements of both transmission and receiving links simultaneously.
Innovation Solution
A power processing circuit design comprising stages of power processing circuits with differential coupling lines and isolation circuits, where positive and negative ports of differential signal ports are connected to different pairs of coupling lines, and isolation resistors or capacitors are used to enhance isolation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If lumped elements (capacitors and inductors) are used to build the power divider, then the circuit can be implemented at lower frequencies, but the bandwidth becomes relatively narrow and high frequency performance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from lumped element parameters (capacitors and inductors) to distributed transmission line parameters, changing the fundamental operating regime of the circuit. This parameter change enables the power divider to achieve wide bandwidth performance while maintaining functionality at high frequencies, resolving the contradiction between operating frequency capability and bandwidth adaptability
2Adaptability or versatility
If distributed transmission lines (such as Wilkinson power divider) are used, then the bandwidth can be widened, but the size increases and broadband performance becomes difficult to balance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs multi-layer PCB structure with through-hole connections, transitioning from a planar two-dimensional layout to a three-dimensional configuration. This dimensional change allows the distributed transmission lines to achieve wide bandwidth performance while maintaining a compact footprint by utilizing vertical space through multiple layers and via holes
3Reliability
If waveguides or dielectric integrated waveguides are used, then the performance is improved, but the miniaturization becomes difficult and integration is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex three-dimensional waveguide structures with planar transmission lines implemented on PCB substrates. This substitution maintains the essential electromagnetic wave guiding function while eliminating the miniaturization difficulties and integration limitations associated with traditional waveguide implementations, enabling compact and integrable power divider designs
4Device complexity
If existing power divider implementations are used, then the circuit can be simplified, but the isolation between ports deteriorates and cannot meet both transmission and receiving link requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces isolation resistors as intermediary elements connected between the output ports through via holes. These resistors act as mediators that absorb and dissipate interfering signals, thereby improving port-to-port isolation without significantly complicating the overall circuit structure. The isolation resistors enable the power divider to meet both transmission link (high isolation) and receiving link (low noise) requirements simultaneously
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides a power processing circuit, comprising at least one stage of power processing circuits. Each stage of the at least one stage of power processing circuits includes at least one set of power processing sub-circuits; each set of the at least one set of power processing sub-circuits includes a first differential signal port, N second differential signal ports, and a power processing unit connected between the first differential signal port and the N second differential signal ports. The power processing unit includes N pairs of differential coupling lines, where N≥2. In each stage of power processing circuits, a positive port and a negative port of at least one second differential signal port are connected to a positive coupling line and a negative coupling line, respectively, of different pairs of differential coupling lines.