Differential PV Power Processing With Internal Series Wiring Cutoff
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing photovoltaic power generation systems face challenges with complex external wiring and safety concerns, particularly in building integrated photovoltaic systems, due to the parallel connection of differential power processing converters, which complicates installation and makes it difficult to cut off power in case of a fire.
Innovation Solution
A differential power processing apparatus that internally connects photovoltaic modules in series and includes switches and inductors to compensate for power mismatches, allowing for simplified external wiring and safe power cutoff during emergencies.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If differential power processing converters are connected in parallel to photovoltaic modules, then power mismatch compensation is achieved, but external wiring complexity increases and installation difficulty increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the differential power processing converter with the photovoltaic module by integrating the converter inside the module housing. This combines multiple functions (power generation, power processing, and housing protection) into a single integrated unit, eliminating the need for separate external wiring connections and reducing installation complexity while maintaining power mismatch compensation capability
2Reliability
If differential power processing converters are connected in parallel to photovoltaic modules, then power mismatch compensation is achieved, but safety in case of fire is compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the power processing function from the external parallel connection and integrates it internally within the photovoltaic module. This allows the module to independently manage its own power processing and safety cutoff without requiring external intervention, thereby maintaining fire safety while achieving power mismatch compensation
Solution Approach 2:
The integrated converter acts as an intermediary between the photovoltaic cells and the external circuit, providing a controlled interface that can independently cutoff power in emergency situations. This intermediary function enables both power mismatch compensation and safety protection without compromising either aspect
3Ease of operation
If traditional full power optimizers are connected in series to photovoltaic modules, then safety cutoff is easy to implement, but power conversion loss increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a dynamic power processing approach where the converter operates in standby mode when no power mismatch exists, and only activates to process the differential power when needed. This dynamic operation minimizes energy conversion losses compared to continuous full power processing, while the series-connected switches provide rapid safety cutoff capability when required
Data Source
AI summary
A differential power processing apparatus for photovoltaic power generation may include: a first terminal connected to a negative output terminal of a first photovoltaic module located outside; a second terminal connected to a positive output terminal of the first photovoltaic module; a third terminal connected to a negative output terminal of a second photovoltaic module located outside; a fourth terminal connected to a positive output terminal of the second photovoltaic module; a first switch located between the first terminal and the fourth terminal and mediating an electrical connection between the first photovoltaic module and the second photovoltaic module; a second switch connected between the second terminal and the third terminal; and a third switch including a first end connected to the third terminal, and a second end connected to the second switch.