Diffraction Grating Reflector for High-Speed Fixation Measurement

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing fixation measurement devices face mechanical difficulties and torque issues when using tilted spinning reflectors or disks, particularly at high scanning rates, leading to vibrations and potential component fatigue.

Innovation Solution

The use of a reflector with a diffraction component, such as a diffraction grating or Fresnel prism, mounted vertically and rotated about its axis of symmetry, eliminates torque by achieving beam tilt through diffraction, allowing high-speed operation without inducing mechanical stress.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If a tilted spinning reflector is used to achieve rapid fixation measurement, then measurement speed is improved, but mechanical torque and vibration increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement speedVSAvoidmechanical torque
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSForce

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical tilting mechanism with an optical diffraction grating. Instead of physically tilting the reflector to achieve beam deviation, the system uses a vertically oriented diffraction grating that optically tilts the reflected beam through diffraction. This substitution eliminates the mechanical torque problems associated with tilted spinning reflectors while maintaining the ability to achieve rapid fixation measurements at high scanning rates.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Productivity

If a tilted spinning reflector is used to achieve rapid fixation measurement, then measurement speed is improved, but mechanical stability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement speedVSAvoidmechanical stability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent substitutes the mechanically unstable tilted reflector with an optically functional diffraction grating mounted in a stable vertical orientation. The diffraction grating achieves the necessary beam tilt through optical diffraction rather than mechanical inclination, allowing the reflector to spin at high rates (200Hz or more) without generating destabilizing torques or vibrations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Ease of operation

If a tilted spinning reflector is used to achieve beam tilt, then optical functionality is improved, but mechanical stress on components increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebeam tilt capabilityVSAvoidmechanical stress
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSStress or pressure

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical tilting approach with an optical diffraction-based approach. The diffraction grating is mounted vertically and uses diffraction to tilt the reflected beam, eliminating the need for mechanical tilting. This removes the speed-dependent torques and mechanical stresses that would otherwise act on the reflector mounting and supporting components during high-speed rotation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

4Measurement precision

If high scanning rates are used to achieve rapid measurements, then measurement accuracy is improved, but mechanical vibration increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefixation measurement accuracyVSAvoidmechanical vibration
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent substitutes the mechanically problematic tilted reflector with a vertically mounted diffraction grating. This allows the system to operate at high scanning rates (200Hz or more) necessary for accurate fixation measurements in cooperative subjects or rapid assessments, without generating the harmful vibrations and torques that would otherwise limit the maximum usable scanning rate.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables efficient and stable fixation measurement at high speeds, reducing vibrations and component stress, while maintaining the accuracy of polarization-related changes in light reflection from the eye.

Implementation Method 1

The use of a reflector with a diffraction component, such as a diffraction grating or Fresnel prism, mounted vertically and rotated about its axis of symmetry, eliminates torque by achieving beam tilt through diffraction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDiffraction: Diffraction

Data Source

PatentEP3171754B1Method and apparatus for fixation measurement
Publication Date: 2020.01.08 REBISCAN
  • EP3171754B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3171754B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3171754B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A method and apparatus for fixation measurement includes rotating a first reflector comprising a diffraction component about a rotation axis, the first reflector being configured to reflect light received from a light source onto a second reflector via the diffraction component and reflect light received from the second reflector via the diffraction component and capturing light which is reflected by the second reflector and subsequently reflected by the first reflector with one or more photodetectors.