Diffractive Decoder Optics for Rapid Biomolecule Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current diagnostic methods for analyzing non-labeled biological samples are inefficient and time-consuming, often requiring extensive processing times to detect biomolecules.
Innovation Solution
A method involving electromagnetic radiation interaction with a biomolecule using a diffractive decoder, which includes a waveguide with nano-printed features, to generate an optical output for rapid detection of biomolecules in various biological samples.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional diagnostic methods are used to analyze non-labeled biological samples, then detection accuracy can be maintained, but processing time is excessive and efficiency is low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces conventional mechanical and chemical diagnostic processing systems with an optical system. Electromagnetic radiation interacts with biomolecules in the sample, and a diffractive decoder processes the optical signals to generate detectable outputs. This substitution of optical methods for traditional mechanical/chemical methods enables rapid detection within seconds to minutes while maintaining detection accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the fundamental parameter of detection from traditional signal processing to optical diffraction patterns. By measuring diffraction angles and intensities of electromagnetic radiation interacting with biomolecules, the system achieves rapid identification of biomolecules without time-consuming conventional processing steps.
2Productivity
If rapid detection is achieved using electromagnetic radiation and diffractive decoders, then processing time is reduced, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the detection system into distinct functional modules: an electromagnetic radiation source, a sample interaction zone, a diffractive decoder with specific physical features, and detection apparatus. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently and simplifies the overall system architecture despite the advanced functionality.
Solution Approach 2:
The diffractive decoder is designed as a universal component that can analyze various types of biomolecules (proteins, nucleic acids, metabolites) using the same optical diffraction principle. The physical features of the decoder can be configured to detect different biomolecule classes, making the system multi-functional without requiring separate complex apparatus for each analyte type.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables rapid detection of biomolecules in less than a minute or even seconds, enhancing the efficiency and speed of diagnostic testing.
Implementation Method 1
propagating the electromagnetic radiation through a diffractive decoder, thereby generating an optical output
Data Source
AI summary
In an aspect, the present disclosure can provide a method of detecting a biomolecule. A sample can be provided comprising the biomolecule. Electromagnetic radiation can be directed to the sample, thereby interacting the electromagnetic radiation with the biomolecule. The electromagnetic radiation can be propagated through the diffractive decoder, thereby generating an optical output. A presence or absence of the biomolecule in the sample can be detected based at least in part on the optical output.