Digital Compression for Streaming Data Using Relative Change Thresholds

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing data compression methods require significant hardware and software resources, leading to increased costs, power consumption, and delays, and are not suitable for all devices due to computational limitations.

Innovation Solution

A method and system that generate a reduced data sequence by comparing current and previous data values to a relative change threshold, setting flag bits to indicate absolute or relative changes, and sending a sequence with fewer bits, allowing receivers to reconstruct the original data efficiently without complex signal processing.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of information

If complex compression methods are used, then compression ratio is improved, but hardware and software resource expenditure increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecompression ratioVSAvoidhardware and software resource expenditure

Core Design Contradiction:

Loss of informationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the data transmission process into two distinct modes: absolute mode (transmitting full data values) and relative mode (transmitting only differences). This segmentation allows the system to switch between compression strategies based on the characteristics of the data being transmitted, achieving high compression ratios when applicable while maintaining simplicity through basic arithmetic operations rather than complex compression algorithms

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Instead of applying complex compression algorithms to reduce data size, the patent inverts the approach by transmitting only the essential information needed to reconstruct the original data. In relative mode, only the difference between consecutive data values is transmitted, requiring minimal processing resources at both encoder and decoder sides while achieving significant bandwidth reduction

Inventive Principle:

Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

2Loss of information

If complex compression methods are used, then compression ratio is improved, but power consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecompression ratioVSAvoidpower consumption

Core Design Contradiction:

Loss of informationVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the compression task into simple arithmetic operations (subtraction for encoding, addition for decoding) that consume minimal power compared to complex transform coding or entropy coding algorithms. This segmentation of the processing task into basic operations significantly reduces the computational burden and associated power consumption

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The decoding process uses the previously decoded value itself to reconstruct the current value, eliminating the need for complex reference memory systems or sophisticated prediction algorithms. This self-service approach where each decoded value becomes the basis for the next decoding operation minimizes the computational resources and power required at the receiver end

Inventive Principle:

Principle #25Self-service

3Loss of information

If complex compression methods are used, then compression ratio is improved, but processing delay increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecompression ratioVSAvoidprocessing delay

Core Design Contradiction:

Loss of informationVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the data processing into independent, simple arithmetic operations that can be executed rapidly without the iterative processing required by complex compression algorithms. This segmentation allows for real-time processing with minimal delay, as each data point can be encoded and decoded through straightforward subtraction and addition operations

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The encoder performs a preliminary comparison of the absolute data value against a threshold to determine whether to use absolute or relative encoding mode. This preliminary action allows the system to optimally select the encoding strategy before transmission, minimizing processing delay while adapting to the characteristics of the data stream

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

4Device complexity

If simple compression methods are used, then device complexity is reduced, but compression ratio deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvehardware and software resource expenditureVSAvoidcompression ratio

Core Design Contradiction:

Device complexityVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a dynamic encoding scheme that adapts between absolute and relative modes based on the characteristics of the data being transmitted. This dynamic approach allows the simple arithmetic-based system to achieve high compression ratios when data values change gradually (using relative mode) while maintaining accuracy when changes are significant (using absolute mode), thus overcoming the limitation of fixed simple compression methods

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

Data Source

PatentUS10498793B2System and method for digital compression for streaming data

Publication Date: 2019.12.03 MICROSOFT TECHNOLOGY LICENSING LLC

AI summary

The devices and methods for data compression of the present disclosure provide a relatively simple and resource efficient mechanism for compressing digital data by generating a reduced data sequence that either represents a relatively substantial amount of a current value of a current binary data based on some part of the original binary data, or that represents an adjustment to a previous value of previous digital data, which enables a receiver to construct the current value.