Dimeric Dye Linker Architecture for Reduced Fluorescence Quenching
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing dimeric and polymeric fluorescent and colored dyes do not achieve the desired increase in brightness due to intramolecular fluorescence quenching, limiting their effectiveness in analytical applications.
Innovation Solution
Dyes are designed with additional linker groups (L4 and L5) surrounding the central linker (L6) to increase rigidity and spatial separation between fluorescent and/or colored moieties, reducing intramolecular fluorescence quenching and enhancing brightness.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Illumination intensity
If dimeric and polymeric compounds comprising two or more fluorescent and/or colored moieties are prepared to increase brightness, then the signal intensity is improved, but intramolecular fluorescence quenching occurs which reduces the desired brightness enhancement
Solution Approach 1:
The linker is divided into multiple segments (L4, L5, and L6 groups) that are different from each other. This segmentation allows each segment to contribute differently to the overall linker function, providing both rigidity and spatial separation to prevent intramolecular fluorescence quenching while maintaining brightness enhancement from multiple fluorescent moieties
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces additional spatial dimensions by using multiple different linker groups (L4, L5, L6) that create three-dimensional arrangement of fluorescent moieties. This dimensional approach increases the rigidity of the linker structure and maximizes the spatial separation between adjacent fluorescent moieties, thereby reducing intramolecular quenching
2Illumination intensity
If additional linker groups L4 and L5 are introduced to surround L6 to increase rigidity and spatial separation, then intramolecular fluorescence quenching is reduced and brightness is enhanced, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The linker structure with multiple different groups (L4, L5, L6) is designed to perform multiple functions simultaneously: providing rigidity, creating spatial separation, and maintaining compatibility with fluorescent moieties. This multi-functionality justifies the increased structural complexity by achieving multiple objectives with a single integrated linker design
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The dyes exhibit increased brightness and stability over time, enabling FRET fluorescence emission and robust reproducibility, making them suitable for visual detection of analyte molecules.
Implementation Method 1
as a result of intramolecular fluorescence quenching, the known dimeric and polymeric dyes have not achieved the desired increase in brightness
Implementation Method 2
the present dyes are significantly brighter, enable FRET absorbance and emission as a result of intramolecular interactions
Data Source
AI summary
Compounds useful as fluorescent or colored dyes are disclosed. The compounds have the following structure (A):or a stereoisomer, tautomer or salt thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, L1, L1a, L1b, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, M1, M2, m, n, q, and w are as defined herein. Methods associated with preparation and use of such compounds are also provided.