Diode-Laser Driving Circuit Modulation Linearity

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Solution Overview

Problem

Diode-lasers in confocal microscopy experience distortion in modulation due to spontaneous emission at sub-threshold voltages, leading to non-zero light-output at zero modulation voltage, which is undesirable.

Innovation Solution

A method and device that generate a modulated drive-current with a DC and modulated component, where the diode-laser is switched off when the modulation signal falls below a predetermined set value, preventing sub-threshold emission and ensuring linear response to the modulation signal.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If a linear voltage ramp is applied to the current converter to modulate the diode-laser, then the diode-laser power can be modulated from zero to maximum value, but the output is distorted due to spontaneous emission below the lasing threshold voltage

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemodulation rangeVSAvoidoutput linearity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies a bias voltage to shift the operating point of the diode-laser above the lasing threshold before the modulation signal is applied. This preliminary action ensures that the laser operates in the linear lasing region throughout the modulation cycle, preventing spontaneous emission distortion while maintaining the full modulation range from minimum to maximum output.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Manufacturing precision

If a bias voltage is applied to reach the lasing threshold at low modulation voltages, then output distortion is reduced, but non-zero light-output persists at zero modulation voltage due to spontaneous emission

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoutput linearityVSAvoidspontaneous emission
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent dynamically adjusts the drive voltage parameters by superimposing the modulation signal on a bias voltage. This parameter change ensures the total voltage remains above the lasing threshold throughout the modulation cycle, eliminating spontaneous emission while maintaining linear output. The bias voltage level is specifically chosen to keep the operating point in the linear region.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Object-generated harmful factors

If the diode-laser is driven with a modulated signal starting from zero voltage, then zero light-output is achieved at zero modulation voltage, but significant distortion occurs due to operation below lasing threshold

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespontaneous emissionVSAvoidmodulation accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies a bias voltage to shift the operating point of the diode-laser above the lasing threshold before the modulation signal is applied. This preliminary action ensures that the laser operates in the linear lasing region throughout the modulation cycle, preventing spontaneous emission distortion while maintaining the full modulation range from minimum to maximum output.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach minimizes output distortion and ensures zero light-output at zero modulation voltage, maintaining linear diode-laser output and preventing spontaneous emission, thereby improving modulation accuracy in confocal microscopy.

Implementation Method 1

Diode-lasers with analog-modulated output are used as illumination sources in confocal microscopy. The diode-laser is driven by the drive-current to provide laser-output.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectroluminescence: Electroluminescence

Implementation Method 2

At a voltage less than the threshold voltage, the diode will emit light (radiation) in the form of spontaneous emission or fluorescence.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSpontaneous emission: Fluorescence

Data Source

PatentEP2666212B1Driving circuit for analog-modulated diode-laser
Publication Date: 2020.03.25 COHERENT INC
  • EP2666212B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2666212B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2666212B1 patent drawingFigure 3~3A

AI summary

A diode-laser is driven by a modulated voltage through a voltage - to - current converter. The modulated voltage has a fixed level determined by an applied fixed bias voltage and a variable level determined by a modulation voltage signal varying between minimum and maximum values. The fixed voltage level corresponds to a threshold level above which the diode -laser would provide laser-output. The modulation voltage signal is monitored and compared with a predetermined set value. If the monitored voltage signal falls below the set value, the modulated voltage is disconnected from the voltage - to - current converter and the output of the diode-laser falls to zero. By this, the diode- laser is prevented from outputting spontaneous emission of fluorescence.