Diode Leakage Noise RNG for Unbiased Random Code Generation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing random number generators struggle to produce unbiased, uncorrelated, and highly unpredictable numbers necessary for secure encryption keys, lacking effective methods to harness noise distribution for randomness.
Innovation Solution
A random number generator utilizing a diode array to generate noise signals through leakage currents, processed by an analog-to-digital converter and a random code processor to produce unpredictable random numbers.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional random number generation methods are used, then the system is simple to implement, but the generated numbers lack the required unpredictability and randomness characteristics
Solution Approach 1:
The diode array generates its own noise signal intrinsically through leakage current without requiring external noise sources or additional random number generation components. The system uses the natural electrical characteristics of the diodes to produce random numbers, making the system self-sufficient for randomness generation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces conventional software-based or algorithmic random number generation with a physical system based on electrical noise from diode leakage current. This substitution of physical phenomenon for computational methods enhances true randomness while maintaining implementation simplicity.
2Reliability
If additional hardware components are added to improve randomness quality, then the random number generation reliability improves, but the device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The diode array serves multiple functions: it generates the noise signal through leakage current, the capacitor accumulates and stores this noise signal, and the overall structure provides the random number generation capability. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate noise generation and accumulation components.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines the noise generation function and noise accumulation function into a single integrated structure where the diode array and capacitor work together as a unified noise generation system, reducing component count and simplifying the overall device architecture.
3Measurement precision
If noise signal accumulation is increased to improve random code quality, then the randomness characteristics improve, but the capacitance requirement and device complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses a capacitor with relatively small capacitance (e.g., 1 aF to 1 pF) that is sufficient for the specific application requirements, rather than using excessively large capacitance. This partial action approach achieves adequate random code quality without the overhead of large-capacitance components.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The generator effectively produces random numbers with desired characteristics, enhancing security by ensuring unpredictability and randomness without additional hardware, utilizing noise distribution from diode arrays.
Implementation Method 1
a noise generator including a plurality of diodes, and configured to generate a noise signal corresponding to a leakage current of at least one diode selected from among the plurality of diodes
Implementation Method 2
a capacitor connected between the first node and the ground voltage terminal, and configured to accumulate and store the leakage current
Implementation Method 3
a current-to-voltage converter configured to convert the leakage current stored in the capacitor into a voltage as a noise signal
Data Source
AI summary
A random number generator includes a noise generator including a plurality of diodes, and configured to generate a noise signal corresponding to a leakage current of at least one diode selected from among the plurality of diodes; an analog-to-digital converter configured to convert the noise signal into at least one random code; and a random code processor configured to generate a random number by processing the random code.