Diol-Derived Silane Reduces VOC Emissions
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing silane compounds lack organofunctional groups with reduced volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions, limiting their use as effective coupling agents, crosslinkers, and adhesion promoters in applications such as rubber and coatings.
Innovation Solution
Development of a silane composition comprising organofunctional groups with cyclic and bridging dialkoxy structures, derived from diols, which reduce VOC emissions by replacing ethoxy groups with diol-derived alkoxy groups, enhancing their performance as crosslinkers, coupling agents, and adhesion promoters.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional silane compounds with ethoxy groups are used, then good crosslinking and coupling performance is achieved, but high VOC emissions occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of silane compounds by replacing ethoxy groups with alternative groups such as cyclic dialkoxy groups or bridging dialkoxy groups. This substitution reduces VOC emissions while maintaining the crosslinking functionality through careful selection of alternative functional groups that can still participate in crosslinking reactions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent develops composite silane structures combining organofunctional groups with reduced-VOC dialkoxy or bridging dialkoxy groups. These composite molecular structures integrate the crosslinking capability of organofunctional groups with the low-VOC characteristics of cyclic or bridging dialkoxy groups, achieving both performance and environmental goals.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If reduced-VOC silane structures are used, then VOC emissions decrease, but adhesion promoter effectiveness is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the molecular structure parameters of silane compounds by introducing organofunctional groups attached to reduced-VOC dialkoxy frameworks. This structural parameter change enables the molecule to maintain adhesion-promoting functionality while reducing volatile content through the use of cyclic or bridging dialkoxy groups instead of conventional ethoxy groups.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates composite molecular architectures where organofunctional groups (responsible for adhesion) are combined with cyclic dialkoxy or bridging dialkoxy groups (responsible for low VOC). This composite structure ensures both adhesion effectiveness and reduced emissions are achieved simultaneously.
3Reliability
If conventional silane crosslinkers are used, then crosslinking density is high, but premature curing occurs during processing
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs silane compounds with reduced-VOC groups that are designed to remain stable during processing (preventing premature curing) but activate crosslinking under specific conditions. The cyclic or bridging dialkoxy groups provide steric and electronic stabilization that delays crosslinking until the desired processing stage, while still achieving high crosslinking density when activated.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the reactivity parameters of silane crosslinkers by using reduced-VOC structural motifs that modify the kinetics of crosslinking reactions. These structural changes reduce the tendency for premature reaction during storage and processing while maintaining the ability to achieve high crosslinking density under controlled conditions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The silane composition significantly reduces VOC emissions, improves adhesion properties, and prevents premature curing, leading to enhanced performance and environmental sustainability in rubber and coating applications.
Implementation Method 1
the transesterification of alkoxysilanes with ethylene glycol to give non-cyclic silane compounds, which are soluble in water and insoluble in benzene
Implementation Method 2
prevents premature curing, leading to enhanced performance and environmental sustainability in rubber and coating applications
Data Source
AI summary
Described are diol-derived organofunctional silanes in which the silanes contain cyclic and bridged alkoxy groups derived from hydrocarbon-based diols and methods for the preparation of the silanes. Also described are rubber compositions containing the diol-derived organofunctional silanes, methods for the preparation of the rubber compositions and articles of manufacture containing the rubber compositions, in particular, automotive tires and components thereof.