Dioxane Dioxolane Organic Additives Toner Thermal Stability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing polymeric additives in toner and additive manufacturing compositions have limitations in blocking performance, thermal stability, and humidity sensitivity, which are not adequately addressed by current materials.

Innovation Solution

The development of organic additives formed from dioxane/dioxolane monomers, which are polymerized with vinyl co-monomers and multifunctional vinyl monomers to create particles with improved blocking performance and thermal stability, replacing or complementing inorganic additives like silica and alumina.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If existing polymeric additives are used in toner compositions, then the composition can be manufactured with current materials, but the blocking performance is insufficient and thermal stability is limited

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveblocking performanceVSAvoidthermal stability

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the chemical parameters of the polymeric additive by incorporating dioxane and dioxolane rings into the polymer backbone structure. This structural modification fundamentally alters the thermal properties and blocking performance of the additive, resolving the contradiction between adequate blocking performance and improved thermal stability.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite polymeric structure combining dioxane/dioxolane monomers with vinyl co-monomers. This composite approach integrates the beneficial properties of cyclic ether structures (improving thermal stability) with polymer functionality (maintaining blocking performance), thereby resolving the technical contradiction.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

2Ease of operation

If inorganic additives like silica are used to improve flow and charging properties, then the toner composition achieves better triboelectric charging, but the composition becomes more sensitive to humidity and lacks chemical diversity

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecharging propertiesVSAvoidhumidity sensitivity

Core Design Contradiction:

Ease of operationVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent substitutes inorganic additives (silica, alumina) with organic polymeric additives containing dioxane/dioxolane structures. This replacement eliminates the humidity sensitivity associated with inorganic particles while maintaining and potentially improving charging properties through the polar nature of the cyclic ether groups in the polymer structure.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Ease of manufacture

If conventional polymeric additives are used, then the composition can be processed with standard manufacturing methods, but the blocking performance deteriorates at elevated temperatures

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvemanufacturing processabilityVSAvoidblocking performance at elevated temperatures

Core Design Contradiction:

Ease of manufactureVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The patent modifies the thermal parameters of the polymeric additive by incorporating dioxane/dioxolane rings, which have higher thermal stability. This allows the additive to maintain its blocking performance at elevated temperatures while remaining compatible with standard toner manufacturing processes, thus resolving the contradiction between ease of manufacture and temperature resistance.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The organic additives significantly enhance blocking performance and thermal stability while maintaining or improving other properties such as charging and cohesion, offering a broader range of chemical diversity and improved humidity sensitivity compared to traditional polymeric additives.

Implementation Method 1

The organic additives are polymeric materials formed using dioxane/dioxolane monomers. The particles comprising a polymerization product of reactants comprising a dioxane/dioxolane monomer and a vinyl co-monomer

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectPolymerization: Photopolymerisation

Data Source

PatentUS11952448B2Organic additives and compositions containing the same

Publication Date: 2024.04.09 XEROX CORP

AI summary

Compositions are provided which may comprise a plurality of organic additive particles, the particles comprising a polymerization product of reactants comprising a dioxane/dioxolane monomer and a vinyl co-monomer, wherein the dioxane/dioxolane monomer is an ester of (meth)acrylic acid with an alcohol comprising a dioxane moiety, an ester of (meth)acrylic acid with an alcohol comprising a dioxolane moiety, or both. Toner and additive manufacturing compositions comprising the organic additive particles are also provided.