Dioxazine Reactive Dyes for High Exhaustion and Fastness
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current fibre-reactive dyes do not meet the requirements for high exhaustion, fixing yields, and fibre-dye bond stability, particularly in terms of light and wet-fastness properties.
Innovation Solution
Development of novel unsymmetric and symmetric dioxazine dyes with specific structural features, including halogen or radical substitutions, and fibre-reactive radicals capable of forming covalent bonds with cellulose and protein fibres, allowing for high reactivity and stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional fibre-reactive dyes are used, then the dyeing process can be performed, but the exhaustion and fixing yields are insufficient and alkaline after-treatment is required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical structure of the dioxazine dye by introducing specific substituents (halogen atoms at positions 2 and 6, and electron-donating groups at positions 3 and 5) to enhance the reactivity and stability of the dye-fibre bond. This structural parameter change enables high fixing yields without requiring alkaline after-treatment, directly resolving the contradiction between bond stability and fixing efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite structure by combining the dioxazine chromophore with specific reactive groups (sulfonate, carboxylate, or hydroxyl groups) that can form stable covalent bonds with cellulose and protein fibres. This composite molecular structure achieves both high exhaustion and superior fibre-dye bond stability, eliminating the need for additional after-treatment steps
2Reliability
If conventional reactive dyes are used, then dyeing can proceed, but light and wet-fastness properties are inadequate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the substituent parameters on the dioxazine ring system, specifically placing halogen atoms at positions 2 and 6 and electron-donating groups at positions 3 and 5. This precise parameter arrangement enhances the molecular stability and bonding characteristics, resulting in superior light and wet-fastness properties while maintaining a relatively straightforward synthesis route
3Productivity
If dyes with high reactivity are developed, then fixing yield improves, but fibre-dye bond stability may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The invention carefully balances the reactivity parameters by selecting specific substituents: halogen atoms (high electronegativity) at positions 2 and 6 enhance reactivity through inductive effects, while electron-donating groups (hydroxyl, amino, or alkyl groups) at positions 3 and 5 provide resonance stabilization. This balanced parameter configuration achieves both high reactivity for excellent fixing yield and sufficient bond stability for durable colour fastness
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The new dyes exhibit high reactivity, excellent fixing ability, and superior light and wet-fastness properties, ensuring high tinctorial strength and stability in dyeings and prints.
Implementation Method 1
fibre-reactive radicals capable of forming covalent bonds with cellulose and protein fibres
Data Source
AI summary
Reactive dyes of the formula (1) in which Q1 is hydrogen, halogen or a radical of the formula (2a) or (2b),R1, R2 and R3 independently of one another are hydrogen or C1-C4alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxyl, sulfo, carboxyl or sulfato, and R1 in formula (1) and R1 in formula (2a) have identical or different meanings and R2 in formula (1) and R2 in formula (2a) have identical or different meanings, (R4)0-1 and (R5)0-1 independently of one another are 0 or 1 identical or different substituents from the group consisting of C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4alkoxy, halogen and sulfo, A is hydrogen or C1-C4alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxyl, sulfo, carboxyl or sulfato, phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4alkoxy, C2-C4alkanoylamino, hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbamoyl, sulfo or halogen, phenyl-C1-C2alkylene which is unsubstituted or substituted in the phenyl ring by C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4alkoxy, C2-C4alkanoylamino, hydroxyl, carboxyl, sulfo, carbamoyl or halogen, or C5-C7cycloalkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by C1-C4alkyl, B is a C2-C12alkylene radical which can be interrupted by 1, 2 or 3 members from the group consisting of -NH-, -N(CH3)- or -O- and is unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxyl, sulfo, sulfato, cyano or carboxyl, a C5-C7cycloalkylene radical or C1-C2alkylene-C5-C7cycloalkylene radical which are unsubstituted or substituted in the cycloalkylring by C1C4alkyl,C1C2alkylenephenylene radical or phenylene radical which are unsubstituted or substituted in the phenyl ring by C1C4alkyl, C1C4alkoxy, C2-C4alkanoylamino, sulfo, halogen or carboxyl, V1 and V2 independently of one another are halogen, T is a radical of the formula -CO-(CH2)m-SO2-Y (3a), -CO-CH(HaI)-CH2-HaI (3b) or -CO-C(HaI)=CH2 (3c), Hal is halogen, X is hydroxyl or Y, Y is vinyl or a radical -CH2-CH2-U and U is a group which can be split off under alkaline conditions, and m is the number 2, 3 or 4. are suitable for dyeing widely varying fibre materials, in particular cellulosic fibre materials, and produce dyeings with good allround properties.