Planar Dipole-Ring Antenna Layout for Wideband 5G Vehicles
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional vehicle-mounted antennas face challenges in accommodating expanded communication frequency bands from 4G to 5G, requiring increased antenna quantity and layout space, which affects radiation performance and vehicle aesthetics.
Innovation Solution
A miniaturized wideband antenna design using a dipole antenna combined with a third radiation conductor forming a ring structure, allowing for low-frequency expansion and maintaining medium-and-high-frequency radiation, with convenient feeding through separated first and second radiation conductors.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If the quantity of antennas is increased to cover expanded 5G frequency bands, then the bandwidth supported by the antenna system is improved, but the area occupied by the antenna layout is increased
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines a dipole antenna and a ring antenna into a single integrated antenna apparatus. The dipole antenna covers medium and high frequency bands (1.7-2.7 GHz and 3.3-5 GHz), while the ring antenna covers low frequency bands (0.7-0.96 GHz). By merging these two antenna types into one apparatus, the patent achieves wideband coverage across all 5G frequency bands without requiring separate antenna installations, thereby resolving the contradiction between bandwidth support and layout area occupation
Solution Approach 2:
The integrated antenna apparatus performs multiple functions by simultaneously supporting low-frequency, medium-frequency, and high-frequency 5G bands through its dual-antenna design. The dipole antenna handles medium and high frequencies while the ring antenna handles low frequencies, making the single apparatus universal across the entire 5G spectrum. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for multiple separate antennas, reducing the overall layout area required
2Reliability
If conventional 3D antenna structures are used to cover multiple frequency bands, then the radiation performance is maintained, but the space required for antenna installation is increased
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from conventional 3D antenna structures to a planar 2D configuration. Both the dipole antenna and ring antenna are arranged on the same plane, allowing the antenna apparatus to be installed flat on vehicle surfaces such as the windshield or roof. This dimensional change from 3D to 2D maintains the radiation performance through proper conductor geometry while dramatically reducing the installation space required, as the antenna can be integrated into the vehicle's existing surface area
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple antennas are deployed to cover expanded frequency bands, then the communication capability is improved, but the vehicle aesthetics and layout simplicity are deteriorated
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple antenna functions into a single integrated apparatus. Instead of deploying separate antennas for low-frequency and high-frequency bands, the invention combines a dipole antenna and a ring antenna into one unified structure that can be installed at a single location on the vehicle. This merging simplifies the antenna layout from multiple distributed components to a single consolidated unit, improving both aesthetics and layout simplicity while maintaining full 5G communication capability across all frequency bands
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The antenna apparatus achieves wideband impedance matching and high radiation efficiency across 5G frequency bands, minimizing interference and maintaining vehicle aesthetics by utilizing vehicle glass as a support, reducing complexity and space requirements.
Implementation Method 1
a dipole antenna, including a first radiation conductor and a second radiation conductor that are adjacent to each other and arranged separately; and a third radiation conductor, located on a same plane as the dipole antenna, and at least partially surrounding the first radiation conductor and the second radiation conductor
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2~4a
Figure 4b~4d
AI summary
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an antenna apparatus, an antenna assembly, and a vehicle. The antenna apparatus (10) includes: a dipole antenna (12), including a first radiation conductor (14) and a second radiation conductor (16) that are adjacent to each other and arranged separately; and a third radiation conductor (18), located on a same plane as the dipole antenna, and at least partially surrounding the first radiation conductor (14) and the second radiation conductor (16). According to the present disclosure, a combination of the dipole antenna and the third radiation conductor used as a ring structure implements a miniaturized wideband antenna. Low-frequency radiation is expanded, while medium-and-high-frequency wideband radiation is basically maintained.