Direct-Coated Textile Barrier Laminate for Visible VAP Resin Flow

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Solution Overview

Problem

The existing VAP process for producing fiber-reinforced plastic components faces challenges in precision handling and material property adjustments due to the complexity of multi-layer laminates, which can lead to uneven resin infiltration and difficulties in observing the resin flow front, especially since the layers are opaque.

Innovation Solution

A flexible surface material is developed comprising a textile layer coated with a gas-permeable but matrix material-impermeable functional layer, produced through direct coating with foam or paste, allowing for precise control over gas permeability and matrix material impermeability, and the option to make the material transparent for observing resin flow.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If multiple separate layers (membrane, spacer layer, gas-impermeable film) are placed one after another to form the surface material, then the desired functional properties (gas permeability, matrix material impermeability) can be achieved, but the handling complexity increases and process reliability decreases due to imprecise placement

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocess reliabilityVSAvoidhandling complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines multiple separate functional layers (gas-permeable membrane, spacer layer, and gas-impermeable film) into a single integrated laminate structure. This merging eliminates the need for precise separate placement of each layer, reducing handling complexity while maintaining the desired functional properties of gas permeability and matrix material impermeability throughout the laminate.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The laminate structure serves multiple functions simultaneously: the gas-permeable membrane allows gas escape, the spacer layer maintains distance between the film and membrane, and the gas-impermeable film retains resin. By integrating these functions into a single multi-layer laminate, the system achieves versatility without increasing operational complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Manufacturing precision

If a multifunctional laminate with textile layer and membrane is used, then handling is improved and process accuracy increases, but the mechanical material properties and functional properties (gas permeability, matrix material impermeability, temperature resistance) cannot be precisely adjusted due to changes during lamination

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocess accuracyVSAvoidmaterial property adjustability
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The laminate structure is pre-assembled with precisely controlled layer configurations, spacer thicknesses, and membrane properties before the actual composite manufacturing process. This preliminary preparation ensures that the desired material properties (gas permeability, matrix material impermeability, temperature resistance) are fixed and cannot change during the lamination process, while still allowing for precise adjustment of these properties in the design phase.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Reliability

If the surface material layers are placed precisely and without tension, then the process reliability improves, but the time required for placement increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocess reliabilityVSAvoidplacement speed
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

By combining multiple layers into a single pre-assembled laminate, the patent reduces the number of placement operations from multiple separate placements to a single placement action. This maintains high process reliability through precise factory pre-assembly while dramatically improving placement speed during actual manufacturing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

4Strength

If opaque surface materials are used, then the mechanical strength and functional properties are maintained, but the resin flow front cannot be observed during the VAP process

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemechanical strengthVSAvoidresin flow visibility
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSDifficulty of detecting and measuring

Solution Approach 1:

The laminate structure allows for local variation in optical properties: certain regions or layers can be made transparent or translucent to enable resin flow observation, while other regions maintain opaque characteristics for mechanical strength. This localized differentiation allows simultaneous achievement of both visibility and structural requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The flexible surface material simplifies production, enhances precision, and allows for transparent or semi-transparent sheets, improving handling and process reliability by enabling precise control over material properties and visibility of the resin flow front during the VAP process.

Implementation Method 1

a gas-permeable but matrix material-impermeable membrane

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGas permeability: Permeation

Implementation Method 2

If the area between the film and the membrane is now evacuated and a negative pressure is thereby built up, the pressure is also reduced accordingly through the membrane in the internal matrix feed space, as a result of which liquid resin (matrix material) is sucked from an external resin container into the matrix material feed space

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectNegative pressure: Pressure Gradient

Data Source

PatentEP2544882B1Use of a flexible sheet-like material for limiting a matrix material feed space
Publication Date: 2017.09.06 AIRBUS DEFENCE & SPACE GMBH

AI summary

The flexible sheet-like material comprises a textile layer, which is coated at least on one side with a functional layer which is permeable to gas but impermeable to the matrix material, acting as a barrier layer for the matrix material, and is produced by coating the textile layer directly with a foam or a paste.