Direct Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing After Blood Component Removal
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current antibiotic susceptibility testing methods are lengthy due to the need for blood and pure cultures, which are inhibited by blood components and residual antibiotics, and require pathogen growth to reach saturation, making it difficult to shorten the time.
Innovation Solution
A method that isolates and concentrates pathogens using magnetic capture beads coated with specific molecules, optimizing culture conditions, and performing identification and susceptibility tests directly on a small amount of pathogens, eliminating the need for blood culture.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If blood culture and pure culture processes are performed to ensure pathogen isolation and antibiotic susceptibility testing accuracy, then the reliability of test results is improved, but the testing time increases significantly (taking at least two days)
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes blood components and residual antibiotics from the patient sample using magnetic capture beads before performing antibiotic susceptibility testing. This extraction eliminates the interference that would normally require lengthy blood culture and pure culture processes, thereby reducing testing time while maintaining test reliability through direct pathogen detection in the purified sample
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary purification of the sample by removing interfering blood components and antibiotics before the antibiotic susceptibility test. This preliminary action prevents the need for extended culture periods to achieve pathogen isolation, as the magnetic bead-based purification prepares the sample for direct testing, thus reducing overall testing time while ensuring accurate results
2Measurement precision
If pathogen concentration is increased through extended culture to reach saturation (10^8 CFU/ml or more), then the measurement precision of antibiotic susceptibility testing is improved, but the duration of action increases (requiring multiple days of culture)
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the approach to pathogen concentration by using magnetic capture beads to selectively concentrate pathogens from the purified sample to the required testing concentration (10^3-10^8 CFU/ml). This parameter change allows achieving sufficient pathogen concentration for accurate antibiotic susceptibility testing without requiring extended culture periods, thus reducing culture time while maintaining measurement precision
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces magnetic capture beads as an intermediary substance to concentrate pathogens from the patient sample. These beads selectively bind to pathogens and enable their concentration to the required level for testing, eliminating the need for prolonged culture periods to achieve saturation concentration, thereby reducing culture time while ensuring adequate pathogen concentration for accurate testing
3Ease of operation
If blood components and residual antibiotics are present in the sample, then the ease of operation is improved (direct testing without purification), but the object-affected harmful factors increase (inhibiting pathogen growth and causing false results)
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes harmful blood components and residual antibiotics from the patient sample using magnetic capture beads. This extraction eliminates the harmful factors that would otherwise inhibit pathogen growth and cause false test results, while the process is designed to be integrated into the testing workflow, maintaining operational efficiency despite the added purification step
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful effect of residual antibiotics and blood components into a benefit by using magnetic capture beads that selectively bind to and remove these interferents. The same magnetic beads that remove harmful substances also concentrate the pathogens, transforming the purification process from a potential operational burden into a dual-function step that both eliminates interference and enhances pathogen concentration for testing
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables rapid and accurate antibiotic susceptibility testing by isolating and culturing pathogens under optimal conditions, reducing testing time and minimizing interference from blood components.
Implementation Method 1
separating and concentrating the pathogen in the sample from the patient's sample by capturing the pathogen with the separation means within the first reaction space
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a rapid antibiotic susceptibility test and an identification method capable of rapidly providing information on antibiotics suitable for microorganisms by performing an antibiotic susceptibility test and an identification test in a single process. The present invention provides a rapid antibiotic susceptibility test and an identification method comprising the steps of: (a) transferring a sample taken from a patient to a first reaction space in which a sample separation means is present; (b) separating and concentrating the pathogen in the sample from the patient's sample by capturing them with the separation means within the first reaction space; and (c) performing the identification of the pathogen or an antibiotic susceptibility test.