Directional Antenna Module with 180-Degree Hybrid for Multi-Band Operation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional handheld directional antenna modules have limited frequency range capabilities, requiring multiple modules for different frequency bands, which are cumbersome to carry and often lead to forgotten or unavailable modules during field measurements, resulting in inefficient direction finding.
Innovation Solution
A directional antenna module with a 180-degree hybrid and switching element that allows switching between inphase and out-of-phase summation signals, enabling operation in multiple frequency ranges with a single module, including loaded loop, dipole, and LPDA antennas, and a module recognition system for frequency range identification.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If multiple exchangeable antenna modules are used for different frequency ranges, then the frequency range coverage is improved, but the device complexity and ease of operation deteriorate due to the need to carry and exchange multiple modules
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a single directional antenna module that can operate across multiple frequency ranges (VHF and UHF bands) by integrating multiple antenna elements (loop antenna for VHF, dipole antenna for UHF) within one module. The module includes a frequency-selective switch that automatically or manually selects the appropriate antenna element based on the operating frequency, eliminating the need for multiple exchangeable modules while maintaining broad frequency coverage
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines multiple antenna elements (loop antenna and dipole antenna) and their associated feeding networks into a single integrated module. The module merges the VHF and UHF antenna systems with a common reflector plate and housing, allowing both frequency ranges to be covered by one physical unit rather than requiring separate modules for each band
2Adaptability or versatility
If multiple exchangeable antenna modules are used for different frequency ranges, then the frequency range coverage is improved, but the ease of operation worsens due to the need to exchange modules during field measurements
Solution Approach 1:
The single module design with integrated VHF and UHF antenna elements eliminates the operational burden of module exchange. The frequency-selective switch allows the operator to change frequency ranges by simply adjusting the switch position or entering frequency data, without needing to physically exchange modules. This maintains versatility while dramatically improving ease of operation in field conditions
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a dynamic frequency selection mechanism that can automatically or manually switch between different antenna elements based on the operating frequency. The system adapts to the required frequency range in real-time without requiring physical reconfiguration or module exchange, making the operation as simple as entering the frequency or selecting from preset values
3Weight of moving object
If a compact antenna module is used, then the portability is improved, but the measurement precision deteriorates due to larger half power beam width
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs different antenna element designs optimized for specific frequency ranges: a loop antenna with reflector for VHF frequencies and a dipole antenna with reflector for UHF frequencies. Each antenna element is locally optimized for its frequency range, achieving good directional characteristics and measurement precision within compact dimensions appropriate for each band
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a two-dimensional array of antenna elements (multiple elements in both horizontal and vertical dimensions) to achieve directional focusing. By arranging elements in a planar configuration with the reflector plate, the system achieves improved angular resolution and direction finding accuracy without requiring a large physical aperture, thus maintaining compact portability while enhancing measurement precision
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables precise direction finding across a broad frequency range with improved accuracy and reduced module carrying requirements, allowing for accurate bearing measurement with a single module, achieving high sensitivity and reduced scanning time.
Implementation Method 1
at least two antenna elements connected to a 180-degree hybrid providing an inphase summation signal and an out-of-phase summation signal of the antenna signals received from the antenna elements
Data Source
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AI summary
A directional antenna module (1) comprising at least one antenna array (2) having at least two antenna elements (3) connected to a 180-degree hybrid (4) providing an inphase summation signal (∑) and an out-of-phase summation signal (Δ) of the antenna signals received from the antenna elements (3) and a switching element (8) adapted to switch between the inphase summation signal (∑) and the out-of-phase summation signal (Δ) output by said 180-degree hybrid (4) in response to a direction finding mode control signal (DFM-CRTL) to provide an antenna output signal at an antenna module output (11) of said directional antenna module (1).