Directional De-noising Seismic Data Spherical Harmonics
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current de-noising techniques in seismic data processing struggle to efficiently differentiate and remove noise from seismic signals, particularly in environments with high levels of noise, which can lead to signal distortion and reduced accuracy in hydrocarbon reservoir detection.
Innovation Solution
The method involves directional de-noising of seismic data by decomposing datasets into multiple directions, identifying and preserving signal directions while attenuating noise directions, using techniques such as rank reduction and Hankel matrix processing, to effectively separate and subtract noise from the input dataset.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If standard de-noising techniques are used, then noise removal is attempted, but signal distortion occurs and measurement precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the seismic data into multiple directional components using spherical harmonics decomposition. By separating the data into different directional segments, the method can selectively process noise in specific directions while preserving signal components in other directions, thereby removing noise without distorting the signal.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by treating different directional components differently. The spherical harmonics coefficients are processed locally in the spherical frequency domain, allowing noise attenuation to be applied selectively to specific directional components while preserving the integrity of signal-bearing components, thus maintaining measurement precision while reducing noise.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If aggressive noise filtering is applied, then noise level decreases, but signal distortion increases and reliability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces spherical harmonics coefficients as an intermediary representation between the time domain seismic data and the filtered output. This intermediary spherical frequency domain representation allows for controlled noise attenuation through coefficient modification, providing a buffer that prevents direct and potentially damaging filtering operations on the original signal while still achieving noise reduction.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the parameter domain from time-space domain to spherical frequency domain using spherical harmonics transformation. This parameter change enables noise filtering to be performed in the spherical frequency domain by modifying spherical harmonics coefficients, and then transforms back to the time domain, achieving noise reduction while preserving signal integrity through the reversible transformation process.
3Measurement precision
If multi-volume directional de-noising is implemented, then signal preservation improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces traditional mechanical or conventional digital filtering mechanisms with a mathematical transformation approach using spherical harmonics. Instead of using complex multi-stage filtering systems, the method substitutes a unified spherical harmonic transformation and coefficient processing approach, which achieves superior signal preservation while managing computational complexity through elegant mathematical formulation.
Data Source
AI summary
Systems and methods are provided for directional de-noising on seismic data recorded byseismic receivers. A method includes: receiving a seismic dataset, wherein the seismic dataset includes a model dataset and an input dataset to filter; decomposing the model dataset into a plurality of model directions, identifying which of the model directions to keep; and mapping the input dataset along the identified model directions resulting in a filtered output.