Directional Designature for Seismic Data Coherence
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional marine seismic data processing methods fail to accurately account for source signature directivity variations with azimuth and take-off angles, leading to instability and inefficiencies in data designature, especially with extended azimuth coverage and broadband spectra.
Innovation Solution
A method using a bootstrap approach to derive take-off angles and apply directional filters in the shot domain, obtaining a source signature dependent on azimuth and take-off angles to perform shot-to-shot directional designature, effectively removing the bubble effect and enhancing coherence of primary energy across different azimuths.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If conventional designature methods are used, then processing is simpler, but data quality and coherence across different azimuths deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the source signature into multiple directional components corresponding to different azimuth and take-off angle ranges. Instead of using a single omnidirectional signature, the method divides the signature space into discrete directional sectors, each with its own signature characteristics. This segmentation enables accurate designature for signals arriving from different directions while maintaining a manageable processing framework through systematic organization of directional components.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by assigning different source signature characteristics to different spatial directions (azimuth and take-off angle ranges). Each directional sector has its own optimized signature that accurately represents the source behavior for signals from that specific direction. This local optimization ensures high designature accuracy for each directional component while the overall system integrates these localized solutions coherently.
2Stability of the object's composition
If directional designature with angle-dependent signatures is applied, then primary energy coherence improves, but computational complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary action by pre-calculating and storing source signatures for multiple discrete azimuth and take-off angle combinations before actual data processing. These pre-computed directional signatures are organized in lookup tables or databases, allowing the processing system to quickly retrieve and apply the appropriate signature without performing complex calculations during real-time designature. This preliminary preparation significantly reduces computational power requirements during data processing while maintaining high primary energy coherence.
3Loss of information
If extended azimuth coverage is used, then data completeness improves, but source signature directivity variations cause instability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by making the source signature selection adaptive and variable based on the actual azimuth and take-off angle of each signal component. Instead of using a fixed omnidirectional signature, the system dynamically selects the most appropriate directional signature from multiple pre-computed options based on the signal's arrival direction. This dynamic adaptation ensures designature stability across extended azimuth coverage by always using the signature that best matches the actual propagation conditions of each signal component.
Data Source
AI summary
Methods and apparatuses for directional designature in shot domain are provided. Azimuth and take-off angles are calculated for each record in the seismic data. Directional designature is then applied to the seismic data using a source signature dependent on the azimuth and take-off angles.