Directional 3D Display Gratings for Focal-Vergence Alignment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing parallax 3D technologies cause discomfort due to incongruities between monocular focal points and binocular vergence distances, leading to unnatural feelings such as dizziness in virtual and augmented reality applications.
Innovation Solution
A three-dimensional display apparatus with a directional display structure comprising sub-pixels and grating structures that emit light to specific view points, aligning monocular focal and binocular vergence distances by directing light to multiple view points within the pupil diameter, allowing for parallax-free images.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If parallax 3D technology is used to create three-dimensional display effects, then binocular vergence distance can be adjusted, but monocular focal point remains fixed causing incongruity and viewer discomfort
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the display into multiple sub-pixels (first sub-pixels and second sub-pixels) with different grating structures, where each sub-pixel group directs light to specific view points. This segmentation enables independent control of light paths for different eyes, allowing monocular focal points to be adjusted to match binocular vergence distances, thereby eliminating viewer discomfort while maintaining 3D effects.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different grating structures (first grating structures with different periods or orientations than second grating structures) to different sub-pixel groups. This local differentiation enables each sub-pixel group to direct light at specific angles to create distinct virtual images at different depths, allowing the monocular focal point to be locally adjusted for each eye to match the binocular vergence distance.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If multiple view points are created within pupil diameter to align monocular focal and binocular vergence distances, then natural feel is enhanced, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the functions of multiple sub-pixels with different grating structures into a single display panel. The first sub-pixels with first grating structures and second sub-pixels with second grating structures are integrated in one panel, sharing common control circuitry and substrate, thereby reducing overall device complexity while still creating multiple view points within the pupil diameter.
Solution Approach 2:
The display panel serves multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as both the light source and the optical element for creating virtual images. The sub-pixels generate light while the grating structures on them perform beam steering and virtual image formation, eliminating the need for separate optical components and reducing device complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution ensures uniformity between monocular focal and binocular vergence distances, reducing discomfort and enhancing the natural feel of virtual and augmented reality experiences.
Implementation Method 1
a plurality of first grating structures configured to perform diffraction of light from the plurality of first sub-pixels, and a plurality of second grating structures configured to perform diffraction of light from the plurality of second sub-pixels
Data Source
Figure 1
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Figure 3A
AI summary
A three-dimensional display apparatus (10) providing a plurality of view points (5) at a view zone includes a directional display structure (1) including a plurality of first sub-pixels (11) configured to display a plurality of first sub-images, and a plurality of second sub-pixels (11) configured to display a plurality of second sub-images; a plurality of grating structures (43) including a plurality of first grating structures (43) configured to perform diffraction of light such that the first sub-images are directionally transmitted, and a plurality of second grating structures (43) configured to perform diffraction of light such that the second sub-images are directionally transmitted; a reflector (2) between the directional display structure (1) and the view zone reflecting the first sub-images being directionally transmitted to a first view point (5) and the second sub-images being directionally transmitted to a second view point (5), thereby displaying a three-dimensional image. The first and second view points (5) can be different but within a same view zone.