Directional Gamma Probe With Segmented Collimation for Tumor Localization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing gamma detectors suffer from low spatial resolution, imprecision, high cost, and limited operational flexibility, requiring multiple instruments for different applications, which complicates and costs operations like intraoperative and laparoscopic procedures.
Innovation Solution
A directional gamma detector with a detection head comprising a central and lateral scintillation crystals, each with specific collimation angles, connected to a shared handgrip via a mechanical connector, allowing versatile use and reduced costs by sharing electronics.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If detectors with a large range of action are used to analyse zones not facing directly the front surface, then the detection range is improved, but the spatial resolution deteriorates due to lack of collimation structures
Solution Approach 1:
The detection head is segmented into multiple detection elements (central and lateral) with different collimation configurations. Each element handles specific angular ranges, with lateral elements providing wide-angle detection and central element providing high-resolution axial detection, resolving the contradiction between detection range and spatial resolution.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the detection head are assigned different functional qualities: lateral detection elements are optimized for wide angular coverage with appropriate collimation, while the central detection element is optimized for high spatial resolution along the axial direction. This local differentiation allows simultaneous achievement of broad detection range and high precision in critical areas.
2Measurement precision
If detectors with high atomic number materials and multiple detection elements are used to improve detection precision, then the measurement precision is improved, but the device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The handgrip is designed as a universal platform that can be coupled with different detection probes through a mechanical connector. The electronics and control systems are integrated in the handgrip, allowing the same complex subsystem to serve multiple detection configurations, thereby reducing overall device complexity and cost while maintaining high detection precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The handgrip merges multiple functions including electronics housing, control systems, mechanical coupling, and operator interface into a single integrated component. This consolidation reduces the number of separate subsystems and interfaces, simplifying the overall device architecture while maintaining sophisticated detection capabilities.
3Measurement precision
If multiple specialized detectors are used for different applications (rectilinear, angular, laparoscopic), then the measurement precision for each application is improved, but the adaptability deteriorates as multiple instruments are required
Solution Approach 1:
The system transitions from static, application-specific detectors to a dynamic, reconfigurable platform. Different detection probes can be coupled to the universal handgrip depending on the surgical application, allowing the system to adapt its detection characteristics (rectilinear, angular, laparoscopic) to match specific operational requirements while maintaining high precision in each mode.
Solution Approach 2:
The handgrip serves as a universal interface that can accommodate multiple types of detection probes through a standardized mechanical connector. This multi-functionality allows a single handgrip unit to support various detection configurations for different surgical applications, eliminating the need for multiple specialized instruments while preserving application-specific detection precision.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The detector achieves precise, reliable, and rapid localization of tumors with enhanced spatial resolution and reduced costs by using a shared handgrip for multiple probes, facilitating miniaturized and versatile operation.
Implementation Method 1
a detection element comprising at least one scintillation crystal and a corresponding first electronic conversion circuitry for receiving an optical signal from the crystal
Data Source
Figure 1A
Figure 1B
Figure 2
AI summary
Described is a directional gamma detector (R) comprising a detection probe (S) and a handgrip(I), wherein said detection probe (S) comprises: a supporting rod (10) and a detection head (20)coupled or integrated with a first end (10a) of the supporting rod (10). The detection head (20)comprises a plurality of detection elements (21a, 21b) distinct from each other for simultaneously detecting gamma rays directed in different directions and comprising at least one scintillation crystal (22) and a corresponding first electronic conversion circuitry. Each detection element (21a, 21b) is associated with a respective collimator (24). The handgrip (I) is equipped internally with a second electronic circuitry for converting the signals. The detection probe (S),and in particular a second end (10b) of the supporting rod (10), is reversibly connectable to the handgrip (I) by means of a mechanical connector (12) equipped with electrical contacts for transferring the signals from the first electronic conversion circuitry to the second electronic conversion circuitry.