Directory Metadata Leasing for Distributed File Systems

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current distributed file systems lack mechanisms for caching metadata, such as directory metadata, which hinders consistency and efficiency among clients accessing the system, as they cannot ensure coherency and often require multiple requests to the server.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a leasing mechanism that allows clients to cache directory metadata locally, with clients requesting a lease from the file server to store and manage metadata, ensuring coherency by preventing conflicting leases and allowing clients to service requests from local caches.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If clients cache directory metadata locally without a leasing mechanism, then access efficiency is improved, but consistency and coherency among clients deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaccess efficiencyVSAvoidconsistency and coherency
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic lease management where clients can obtain leases for directory metadata with specific time durations. The lease state transitions from unleased to leased and can be revoked, creating a dynamic system that balances caching efficiency with consistency. This dynamic approach allows the system to adapt between performance and reliability based on current access patterns and consistency requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The leasing mechanism provides feedback control by requiring clients to check lease status before accessing cached metadata and by enabling the server to revoke leases when consistency is compromised. This feedback loop ensures that local caching improves performance while maintaining system-wide consistency through centralized lease management and revocation capabilities.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Adaptability or versatility

If multiple clients access directory metadata simultaneously, then system versatility is improved, but determining which client can modify metadata becomes complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesimultaneous access capabilityVSAvoidlease management complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a leasing mechanism as an intermediary layer between multiple clients and the directory metadata. The lease acts as a mediator that grants exclusive modification rights to one client at a time while allowing other clients to read the metadata. This intermediary structure simplifies conflict resolution by providing clear rules for read and write access without requiring complex peer-to-peer coordination between clients.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies different access permissions to different clients based on their lease status. The client holding the lease receives write permissions while other clients receive only read permissions. This local quality differentiation allows multiple clients to access the metadata simultaneously with appropriate rights, enabling versatile access while maintaining simple centralized control through differentiated permission levels.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Data Source

PatentEP3637275B1Directory leasing
Publication Date: 2021.03.31 MICROSOFT TECHNOLOGY LICENSING LLC
  • EP3637275B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3637275B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3637275B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Described are embodiments for allowing clients that access a distributed file system to locally cache directory metadata. The client may request a read lease which allows the client to cache the directory metadata locally and service requests received from the same application which originally requested the directory metadata using the cache. In addition, the client may also request a handle lease which allows a client to delay the closing of a directory handle and allow the handle to be reused to service subsequent directory metadata requests from the same or a different application. A client may also request a write lease which allows an application on the client to modify the directory metadata, such as by creating or deleting new files in the directory, or changing their attributes, and cache those changes.