Disc Rotor Thermal Management via Segmented Materials

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Solution Overview

Problem

Electrical machines with disc rotors face heat generation issues due to eddy currents, leading to increased temperatures and potential demagnetization of permanent magnets, especially in high-temperature environments, where expensive high-coercive magnets are required to maintain magnetic field strength.

Innovation Solution

A disc rotor design using a thermally conductive material between permanent magnets and the rotor shaft, combined with an electrically non-conductive material for the magnets, enhances heat dissipation and reduces eddy current-induced heating without compromising mechanical stability, allowing for the use of less expensive magnets.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-generated harmful factors

If an electrically non-conductive material (plastic) is used for the rotor body, then heat generation from eddy currents is reduced, but heat dissipation capability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat generation from eddy currentsVSAvoidheat dissipation capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The rotor body is segmented into multiple materials with different properties: an electrically non-conductive material (plastic) for the main rotor body to reduce eddy currents, and a thermally conductive material (metal) for the carrier element to improve heat dissipation. This segmentation allows each material to perform its specialized function without compromise.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The invention uses a composite structure combining electrically non-conductive plastic material and thermally conductive metal material in specific regions. The plastic reduces eddy current losses while the metal carrier element provides thermal conduction path from permanent magnets to rotor shaft, achieving both electrical insulation and thermal management.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Reliability

If expensive high-coercive permanent magnets are used, then demagnetization resistance is improved, but manufacturing cost increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedemagnetization resistanceVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The thermally conductive carrier element acts as an intermediary that actively manages heat away from the permanent magnets. By providing a dedicated thermal conduction path to the rotor shaft, it maintains lower operating temperatures for the magnets, thereby protecting them from thermal demagnetization without requiring expensive high-coercive magnet materials.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the thermal parameter (temperature) of the permanent magnets by introducing active heat dissipation through the carrier element. This parameter change allows the use of less expensive permanent magnets that would otherwise be vulnerable to demagnetization at higher temperatures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Temperature

If a thermally conductive material is used between permanent magnets and rotor shaft, then heat dissipation is improved, but eddy current losses may increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat dissipationVSAvoideddy current losses
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The thermally conductive material is applied locally only in the carrier element where heat dissipation is needed, while the main rotor body remains electrically non-conductive. This localized application ensures thermal management benefits without introducing significant eddy current losses in the bulk rotor structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The rotor body is segmented into an electrically non-conductive main body and a thermally conductive carrier element. This segmentation allows the carrier element to perform thermal conduction function while the main rotor body maintains electrical insulation properties, minimizing eddy current losses.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design effectively reduces heat generation, maintains lower operating temperatures, and improves demagnetization resistance of permanent magnets, ensuring efficient heat dissipation and mechanical stability while using less expensive magnets.

Implementation Method 1

the rotor body has a first material for dissipating heat in the radial direction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

Eddy currents can be induced in electrically conductive materials during operation of permanent-magnet electrical machines, which cause heating

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEddy currents: Eddy Currents

Data Source

PatentEP2975731B1Disc rotor for an electric machine
Publication Date: 2018.02.21 ROBERT BOSCH GMBH
  • EP2975731B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2b
  • EP2975731B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4b
  • EP2975731B1 patent drawingFigure 5a~7

AI summary

The invention relates to a disc rotor (2, 6, 7) for an electric machine (1), comprising: - a circular or ring-shaped disc-like rotor body (21, 61, 71); - permanent magnets (23, 62, 73) arranged circumferentially adjacent to each other on the rotor body (21, 61, 71); wherein the rotor body (21, 61, 71) has a first material for dissipating heat in the radial direction and a second electrically non-conductive material in the area of ​​the permanent magnets.