Discharge Balancing Device for Series Battery Units
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Solution Overview
Problem
Rechargeable batteries with multiple energy storage units connected in series face reliability issues due to varying internal resistances, leading to uneven power consumption and premature depletion of units with higher resistances, resulting in resource waste when the weakest unit depletes, causing the entire battery to fail.
Innovation Solution
A discharge balancing device with bypass units and an energy condition measurement circuit that measures and adjusts the discharging rates of each unit based on its capacity, using control signals to manage bypass currents and prevent over-depletion of units with higher capacities.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If electric energy storage units with different internal resistances are connected in series, then the battery can provide higher total voltage and capacity, but the units with higher internal resistances consume more power and deteriorate faster, leading to premature failure of the entire battery
Solution Approach 1:
The battery system is segmented into multiple parallel circuits: a main current path through all series-connected energy storage units, and individual bypass paths for each unit. This segmentation allows independent control of current flow through each unit, enabling the system to maintain high total voltage while preventing unequal power consumption that would otherwise cause premature failure.
Solution Approach 2:
Bypass units are introduced as intermediary elements that provide alternative current paths. These bypass units, controlled by control signals, act as mediators that redirect excess current away from energy storage units with higher internal resistances, thereby balancing the power consumption across all units and extending overall battery lifespan.
2Duration of action of stationary object
If bypass units are added to balance the discharge of energy storage units, then the battery lifespan is extended, but the device complexity increases due to additional components and control circuits
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple bypass units are merged into a unified control system that manages all energy storage units through a single set of control signals. The bypass units share common control logic and measurement circuits, reducing the overall complexity compared to having completely independent control systems for each unit. This merging approach extends battery lifespan while keeping the added complexity manageable.
Solution Approach 2:
The bypass units and control circuits are designed with multi-functionality: they can selectively activate different bypass paths based on the specific needs of each energy storage unit, and the control system can adapt to various battery configurations and failure modes. This universality allows a single set of components to handle multiple balancing scenarios, reducing the need for additional specialized components.
Data Source
AI summary
A discharge balancing device, for balancing a plurality of electric energy storage units connected in series in a discharge stage, comprising a plurality of bypass units, respectively connected to the plurality of electric energy storage units in parallel, configured to drain bypass currents from the plurality of electric energy storage units according to control signals; an energy condition measurement circuit, coupled to the plurality of the electric energy storage units, configured to measure energy conditions of the plurality of electric energy storage units; and a balancing control unit, coupled to the energy condition measurement circuit and the plurality of bypass units, configured to generate each of the control signals according to the energy conditions measured by the energy condition measurement circuit, so as to control each of the plurality of bypass units whether to drain a bypass current from a corresponding electric energy storage unit.