Three-Position Disconnector Switch With Radial Contact Layout

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Traditional three-position disconnector switches face challenges in achieving sufficient dielectric insulation while maintaining a compact size, leading to increased costs and size constraints.

Innovation Solution

The design incorporates a fork-type double middle or power out contact, allowing for longer air gaps within the same overall dimensions, thereby enhancing dielectric limits without increasing the switch's size or cost.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If the dielectric insulation level is increased by extending air gaps between contacts, then the dielectric performance is improved, but the overall length of the disconnector switch increases threefold

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedielectric insulation levelVSAvoidoverall length of disconnector switch
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLength of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transitions from a linear arrangement of contacts to a radial configuration where contacts are arranged around a central piston. This dimensional change allows the air gaps to extend radially outward from the piston center, achieving increased dielectric insulation without proportionally increasing the overall device length. The movable contact (piston) remains centrally positioned while fixed contacts are distributed radially, creating effective insulation paths in multiple directions simultaneously.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

The design places the movable piston contact inside a housing that contains the fixed contacts arranged radially around it. This nested configuration allows the air gaps to extend from the central piston to the surrounding fixed contacts, maximizing the insulation distance within a compact cylindrical volume. The radial arrangement enables the air gaps to be effectively nested within the housing structure rather than extending linearly outward.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

2Reliability

If the air gaps between movable contact and side fixed contacts are increased to increase dielectric insulation level, then the dielectric performance is improved, but the cost and total size increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedielectric insulation levelVSAvoidtotal size of disconnector switch
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSVolume of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a radial configuration where fixed contacts are arranged around the central movable piston at different angular positions. This allows air gaps to extend in multiple radial directions simultaneously, achieving comprehensive dielectric insulation coverage without proportionally increasing the device volume. The radial arrangement optimizes the use of available space within the cylindrical housing, creating effective insulation paths in all necessary directions within a compact footprint.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

The central piston serves multiple functions: it acts as the movable contact that connects different fixed contacts, provides the central reference point for radial air gap distribution, and maintains consistent positioning relative to all surrounding fixed contacts. This multi-functional design eliminates the need for separate insulation structures for each contact pair, reducing overall device size while maintaining adequate dielectric insulation levels across all contact interfaces.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration provides increased dielectric insulation performance, reduces the overall size of the disconnector switch, and lowers production costs by optimizing the distribution of material and incorporating cooling features.

Implementation Method 1

The piston is configured to move along an axis of the three-position disconnector switch to transition the three-position disconnector switch between the different switch positions

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFriction: Friction

Data Source

PatentEP4089698B1Three-position disconnector switch
Publication Date: 2025.01.22 ABB (SCHWEIZ) AG
  • EP4089698B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4089698B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4089698B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present invention relates to a three-position disconnector switch, comprising:an earthing contact (1); a power out contact (2); a power in contact (3); and a piston (4). The power out contact comprises a first part (2a) and a second part (2b), and wherein the first part is connected to the second part by a leg portion (2c). In a first switch position an outer surface of a wall of the piston makes a direct electrical contact with the first part of the power out contact and makes a direct electrical contact with the power in contact. In a second switch position the outer surface of the wall of the piston makes a direct electrical contact with the first part of the power out contact and makes a direct electrical contact with the second part of the power out contact. In a third switch position the outer surface of wall of the piston makes a direct electrical contact with the second part of the power out contact and makes a direct electrical contact with the earthing contact. The piston is configured to move along an axis of the three-position disconnector switch to transition the three-position disconnector switch between the different switch positions