Disperse Reactive System for Safe Polymerization Initiation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current polymerization initiators like peroxides pose a high risk due to their exothermic decomposition and potential for sedimentation, limiting their industrial application and requiring restrictive handling and storage regulations, while alternatives like benzpinacol silyl ethers are difficult to produce and poorly soluble, hindering their widespread use.
Innovation Solution
A disperse reactive system comprising a finely divided component with C-C labile bonds dispersed in a liquid phase, which can react upon energy activation, avoiding sedimentation and reducing hazard potential by using insoluble particles that are not soluble in the liquid phase, allowing for controlled polymerization or crosslinking without the risks associated with peroxides.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If peroxides are used as polymerization initiators, then polymerization can be initiated effectively, but the risk potential increases due to exothermic decomposition and temperature increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameter by replacing peroxide initiators with azo initiators (e.g., AIBN, VA-044, VA-087) that decompose at lower temperatures and with less exothermic reactions, thereby maintaining polymerization initiation efficiency while reducing the harmful thermal effects
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs initiators with controlled lifetimes that decompose completely after initiating polymerization, avoiding the accumulation of hazardous peroxide residues. The azo initiators are designed to decompose fully, leaving no dangerous byproducts
2Object-affected harmful factors
If benzpinacol silyl ethers are used as polymerization initiators, then the risk potential is reduced, but the substances become difficult to produce and expensive
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex, expensive benzpinacol silyl ethers with simpler, commercially available azo initiators that are easier and cheaper to produce while achieving the same safe, low-risk initiation effect
Solution Approach 2:
The patent achieves the desired safe initiation effect by using different chemical compounds (azo initiators) that replicate the beneficial properties of benzpinacol silyl ethers without requiring their complex synthesis
3Productivity
If benzpinacol is used as a free-radical initiator, then polymerization can be initiated, but the substance sediments in the systems to be polymerized
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical state parameter by using azo initiators that are dissolved or uniformly dispersed in the monomer mixture, preventing sedimentation while maintaining effective polymerization initiation throughout the homogeneous system
4Productivity
If peroxides are used, then polymerization initiation is effective, but storage and transport are restricted due to high risk potential
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the thermal decomposition parameter by using azo initiators with lower decomposition temperatures and less exothermic reactions, which allows for more flexible storage and transport conditions without the strict regulations required for peroxides
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system enables safe handling and efficient polymerization or crosslinking with improved pot life, avoiding the disadvantages of prior art by ensuring uniform and quick reaction initiation without premature activation or side reactions, and can be used as a polymerization initiator, hardener, or crosslinking agent in the plastics industry.
Implementation Method 1
The effect as a radical initiator is based on the homolytic cleavage of the extremely long tetraphenyl-substituted C-C single bond
Implementation Method 2
a component (I) which can be activated by supplying energy and consists of particles with a size between 5 nm and 500 μm, preferably between 1 μm and 300 μm, in extremely finely divided form in a liquid phase of at least one further component (II)
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to reactive systems comprising at least one component (I) made of particles in a finely distributed form in a liquid phase made of at least one further component (II) with which the component (I) can react after activating by adding energy, wherein component (I) is not soluble in component (II), to a method for the production and to the use thereof.