Display Backlight Position Encoding for Interactive Pen Input

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional pen sensor technology requires integration into display devices at manufacture, making it difficult and costly to add interactive functionality post-manufacture, and aftermarket solutions are unsightly and inconvenient.

Innovation Solution

A display device controller programs LED backlights to emit unique light patterns that are undetectable to humans but can be decoded by a pen device with light sensors, allowing interaction without hardware additions, using backlight modulation to encode position and orientation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If conventional pen sensor technology is integrated into display devices at manufacture, then interactive functionality is achieved, but device complexity and manufacturing cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinteractive functionalityVSAvoidhardware integration
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The display device's existing LED backlight serves dual purposes: providing illumination and encoding position information through modulation patterns. The pen device uses light sensors to detect these patterns, enabling the display to interactively recognize pen position without additional sensor hardware in the display itself.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The LED backlight is made multi-functional by having it perform both its primary role of providing illumination and a secondary role of encoding spatial position information through unique modulation patterns for different display regions, eliminating the need for separate sensor components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Adaptability or versatility

If pen sensor technology is added after manufacture, then interactive functionality is achieved, but installation difficulty and alignment precision deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinteractive functionalityVSAvoidsensor alignment
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The display device encodes position information within its existing LED backlight structure, eliminating the need for separate aftermarket sensor components that would require precise alignment and installation procedures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Measurement precision

If visible light patterns are emitted for position encoding, then position recognition is achieved, but user visibility and display quality deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveposition detectionVSAvoiddisplay brightness
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSIllumination intensity

Solution Approach 1:

The LED backlight emits light in periodic pulse patterns with unique temporal modulations for different display regions. These rapid on-off cycles encode position information in the time domain rather than amplitude, making the encoded patterns imperceptible to human vision while allowing precise position detection by the pen's light sensor.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The position encoding is performed in the temporal domain through pre-planned pulse patterns, separating the information encoding function from the visual display function, so that position data can be extracted without affecting the perceived display image quality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables interactive display functionality without hardware modifications, supporting pen-based interactions with high accuracy and low power consumption, suitable for various user inputs and applications.

Implementation Method 1

capturing, by the light receiving device, light transmitted by the display

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight transmission: Light

Implementation Method 2

an array of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that provide a backlight or visual content

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight-emitting diode emission: Light Emitting Diode

Implementation Method 3

different regions of the array of LEDs emit different patterns of pulses

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight modulation: Phase Modulation

Data Source

PatentEP4377775B1Encoding and recognizing positions of a display
Publication Date: 2026.03.18 GOOGLE LLC
  • EP4377775B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4377775B1 patent drawingFigure 2A
  • EP4377775B1 patent drawingFigure 2B

AI summary

In general, the subject matter described in this disclosure can be embodied in methods, systems, and program products for determining a position of a display at which a light receiving device is oriented. The method includes capturing, by the light receiving device, light transmitted by the display, wherein the display is configured to emit a plurality of different codes from a respective plurality of different regions of the display, such that each region of the plurality of different regions emits a unique code from among the plurality of different codes. The method includes identifying, by a computing system, a first code encoded within the light transmitted by the display and captured by the light receiving device. The method includes determining, by the computing system, a first region of the display that corresponds to the first code from among the plurality of different regions of the display.