Display Black Matrix Infrared Sensing Aperture Ratio
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional displays require external gesture sensors for infrared light-sensing functions, which are inconvenient and lower the aperture ratio when internal infrared sensors are used.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a photo-sensing unit with infrared sensors on a substrate, positioned corresponding to a black matrix on a second substrate that allows infrared light transmission while blocking visible light, maintaining the aperture ratio and enabling integrated infrared light-sensing without external sensors.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If infrared sensors are directly formed at pixel areas of conventional displays, then external gesture sensors can be omitted, but the aperture ratio of the display is lowered
Solution Approach 1:
The display structure is segmented into distinct functional zones: pixel zones for visible light display and black matrix zones for infrared sensing. The black matrix regions are specifically designated as sensor zones that do not participate in visible light modulation, allowing infrared sensors to be placed in these segregated areas without affecting the aperture ratio of the pixel regions.
Solution Approach 2:
The solution transitions from a two-dimensional pixel grid to a three-dimensional functional layering. Infrared sensors are positioned in the black matrix regions at different spatial locations (above, within, or below the pixel zone plane), utilizing the vertical dimension and spatial separation to accommodate sensing functions without encroaching on the visible light aperture area.
2Reliability
If external gesture sensors are used for infrared light sensing, then sensing function can be achieved, but device complexity and inconvenience increase
Solution Approach 1:
The display and gesture sensing functions are merged into a single integrated device. The display panel itself incorporates infrared sensors within its structure (in the black matrix regions), eliminating the need for separate external gesture sensors. This combination achieves both visible light display and infrared sensing capabilities in one unified system.
Solution Approach 2:
The display panel is designed with multi-functionality, serving both as a visible light display device and an infrared sensing device. The black matrix regions perform dual purposes: maintaining display structure integrity and enabling infrared sensor placement, allowing the same physical structure to support multiple functional modes.
3Adaptability or versatility
If infrared sensors are placed in pixel zones, then integrated sensing is achieved, but sensor layout area is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The display area is segmented into pixel zones and black matrix zones with distinct functional assignments. Black matrix zones are specifically allocated as sensor zones with larger available area, separating sensor placement from pixel functions. This segmentation allows infrared sensors to access sufficient layout area in the black matrix regions without encroaching on the pixel zone space required for high aperture ratio display.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables infrared light-sensing functionality within the display without reducing the aperture ratio, allowing for increased layout areas of infrared sensors and improved sensitivity, and supports additional features like gesture sensing, X-ray sensing, and night vision displays.
Implementation Method 1
The black matrix is configured to allow transmission of infrared light therethrough and to block transmission of visible light therethrough
Implementation Method 2
an infrared light detector to detect the infrared light generated by the infrared light source and reflected by an operator's gesture
Implementation Method 3
each of the infrared sensors is a photodiode made of a material selected from the group consisting of an amorphous silicon semiconductor material, a micro-crystalline silicon semiconductor material, a poly-crystalline silicon semiconductor material
Data Source
AI summary
A display includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a photo-sensing unit, and a backlight unit. The first substrate includes intersecting data lines and scan lines. The first substrate has pixel zones, each being defined by an adjacent two of the data lines and an adjacent two of the scan lines. The second substrate includes a black matrix and defines light-transmissible zones allowing transmission of visible light therethrough. The black matrix allows transmission of infrared light therethrough and blocks transmission of visible light therethrough. The photo-sensing unit is disposed on the first substrate and includes infrared sensors and a photo switch coupled to the infrared sensors.