Display Apparatus with Inclined Insulating Layer for Light Extraction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Display apparatuses face challenges in maintaining high-quality light emission efficiency due to the deterioration of light emitted from elements or layers, which affects the overall image quality.
Innovation Solution
A display apparatus is designed with a substrate, a display element, an encapsulation layer comprising inorganic and organic layers, and a touch-sensing layer with specific insulating and conductive layers having different refractive indices, including a first insulating layer with an inclined surface and a second insulating layer that fills openings, enhancing light emission efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If elements or layers are disposed on display elements to protect them or add functionality, then protection and functional enhancement are improved, but light emission efficiency deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an inclined surface structure as an intermediary between the display element and the protective/functional layers. This inclined surface acts as a mediator that redirects light rays, allowing light to escape more efficiently while still permitting the protective and functional layers to be disposed on the display element structure.
2Illumination intensity
If multiple layers are stacked to improve light emission efficiency, then optical performance is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the protective layer, functional layer, and light emission enhancement structure into an integrated multi-layer configuration. The inclined surface is formed as part of the first insulating layer structure, combining protection and optical enhancement functions within a unified structural framework rather than separate components.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an inclined surface at a specific angle (e.g., 45 degrees) relative to the substrate normal, adding a dimensional component that redirects light paths. This angular dimension allows light emission enhancement without requiring additional vertical layers, thereby improving optical performance while controlling structural complexity.
3Adaptability or versatility
If touch-sensing functionality is integrated with encapsulation layers, then versatility is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs the encapsulation layer structure to serve multiple functions: protecting the display element, providing touch-sensing capability, and enhancing light emission. The first insulating layer with its inclined surface and the second insulating layer with different refractive index work together to provide both protection and optical enhancement, reducing the need for separate specialized layers.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution improves light emission efficiency and optical performance, providing high-quality images while simplifying the manufacturing process and reducing costs by integrating touch-sensing functionality with improved optical performance.
Implementation Method 1
a second insulating layer covering the conductive layer and including a refractive index that may be different from that of the first insulating layer
Implementation Method 2
The side surface of the first insulating layer may include an inclined surface reverse-tapered in a direction away from the encapsulation layer
Data Source
AI summary
A display apparatus may include a substrate, a display element disposed above the substrate, an encapsulation layer disposed above the display element and including an inorganic encapsulation layer and an organic encapsulation layer, and a touch-sensing layer disposed above the encapsulation layer. The touch-sensing layer may include a first insulating layer including a side surface inclined with respect to a top surface of the encapsulation layer and including an organic material. The touch-sensing layer may include a conductive layer including sensing electrodes, and a second insulating layer covering the conductive layer and including a refractive index that may be different from that of the first insulating layer.