Display Encapsulation Structure Around Openings for Moisture Blocking
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing display apparatuses face challenges in maintaining reliability and functionality as they incorporate additional components within the display area, leading to issues with foreign substance intrusion and moisture ingress, particularly in areas where various elements are integrated.
Innovation Solution
A display apparatus design featuring a substrate with an opening area surrounded by a display area and an intermediate area, utilizing a layered structure with inorganic and organic encapsulation layers, partition walls, and laser-irradiated openings to prevent foreign substance and moisture ingress, along with dummy emission layers to maintain structural integrity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the inorganic encapsulation layer is formed only in the display area, then the manufacturing process is simpler, but the organic functional layers in the intermediate area are exposed to oxygen and moisture causing degradation
Solution Approach 1:
The inorganic encapsulation layer is segmented into two distinct regions: a first inorganic encapsulation layer in the display area and a second inorganic encapsulation layer in the intermediate area. This segmentation allows each region to be optimized for its specific function - the first layer provides full encapsulation for the emission layer while the second layer specifically protects the organic functional layers in the intermediate area from oxygen and moisture, resolving the contradiction between reliability and device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the encapsulation layer are given different properties and extensions according to local requirements. The first inorganic encapsulation layer extends along the first direction to fully cover the emission layer in the display area, while the second inorganic encapsulation layer extends along the second direction to specifically protect the organic functional layers in the intermediate area. This local quality approach ensures optimal protection where needed without unnecessary complexity elsewhere.
2Reliability
If the common organic material layer completely covers the opening area, then the device structure is simpler, but the inorganic encapsulation layer cannot directly contact the inorganic layer exposed through the opening
Solution Approach 1:
The common organic material layer is segmented into a first common organic material layer and a second common organic material layer, with the opening area selectively removed from the second layer. This creates an opening in the organic layers that allows the inorganic encapsulation layer to directly contact the inorganic layer, ensuring reliable electrical connection while maintaining a relatively simple overall structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The opening area is extracted (removed) from the second common organic material layer to create a direct contact path. This extraction allows the inorganic encapsulation layer to reach the inorganic layer without being blocked by the organic material, establishing the necessary electrical connection while minimizing structural complexity.
3Ease of manufacture
If the opposite electrode is formed only in the display area, then the manufacturing process is simpler, but the common organic material layer and inorganic encapsulation layer cannot be properly formed in the intermediate area
Solution Approach 1:
The opposite electrode is segmented into a first opposite electrode in the display area and a second opposite electrode in the intermediate area. This segmentation allows the electrode to be formed in both regions with proper alignment, enabling the common organic material layer and inorganic encapsulation layer to be correctly positioned and formed in the intermediate area while maintaining ease of manufacture through systematic layer-by-layer construction.
Solution Approach 2:
The first opposite electrode is formed in the display area before forming the second opposite electrode in the intermediate area. This preliminary action establishes the baseline structure and alignment reference, making it easier to subsequently form the second opposite electrode and the associated common organic material layer and inorganic encapsulation layer with proper alignment.
Data Source
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AI summary
A display apparatus comprises: a substrate comprising an opening area, a display area surrounding at least a portion of the opening area, and an intermediate area between the opening area and the display area; a pixel electrode at the display area; an emission layer at the display area; an opposite electrode on the emission layer, and located at the display area and the intermediate area; a common organic material layer between the pixel electrode and the opposite electrode, and located at the display area and the intermediate area; and an inorganic encapsulation layer on the opposite electrode, and located at the display area and the intermediate area. The common organic material layer has an opening surrounding the opening area at the intermediate area, and the inorganic encapsulation layer directly contacts an inorganic layer exposed through the opening.