Display apparatus having display area surrounding portion of opening area
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing display apparatuses face challenges in maintaining reliability and functionality as they incorporate additional components within the display area, particularly due to issues with moisture and foreign substance ingress through openings.
Innovation Solution
The display apparatus incorporates a design with an intermediate area between the opening and display areas, featuring a first and second common layer extending into the intermediate area, an inorganic encapsulation layer contacting the substrate, and a laser-irradiated sacrificial metal layer removal process to create openings, ensuring structural integrity and preventing moisture and foreign substance intrusion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If components are arranged inside the display area to expand functionality, then the versatility of the display apparatus is improved, but the reliability deteriorates due to increased risk of moisture and foreign substance ingress through openings
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the display area into a display region and an intermediate area surrounding the opening. The intermediate layer is segmented to extend only in the intermediate area, creating a protective barrier that separates the opening area from the display area. This segmentation allows components to be arranged in the intermediate area while maintaining protection against moisture and foreign substances.
Solution Approach 2:
The intermediate layer acts as an intermediary barrier between the opening area and the display area. It includes a first common layer and a second common layer that extend into the intermediate area, with the second common layer positioned closer to the opening. This intermediary structure prevents direct contact between moisture and foreign substances in the opening area and the display area, while still allowing component arrangement in the intermediate region.
2Reliability
If the intermediate layer extends into the intermediate area to provide protection, then the reliability is improved, but the manufacturing complexity increases due to precise positioning requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The intermediate layer is designed with local quality variations: the first common layer and second common layer extend into the intermediate area but stop before the display area. The second common layer is positioned closer to the opening than the first common layer. This local differentiation provides targeted protection where needed while simplifying the overall structure by avoiding extension into the display area.
3Reliability
If the second common layer is positioned closer to the opening to enhance protection, then the reliability is improved, but the manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent forms the first common layer and second common layer in a sequential manner during the manufacturing process. The first common layer is formed first, followed by the second common layer positioned closer to the opening. This preliminary action allows for controlled positioning and ensures proper layer alignment before subsequent processing steps, reducing the overall manufacturing precision requirements.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design enhances the reliability and durability of the display apparatus by effectively preventing moisture and foreign substance ingress, thereby maintaining optimal performance and functionality.
Implementation Method 1
irradiating a laser to the substrate at the intermediate area
Data Source
AI summary
A display apparatus includes: a substrate including an opening area, a display area surrounding at least a portion of the opening area, and an intermediate area between the opening area and the display area; and a display element at the display area, and including a pixel electrode, an opposite electrode on the pixel electrode, and an intermediate layer between the pixel electrode and the opposite electrode. The intermediate layer includes a first common layer, a second common layer on the first common layer, and an emission layer between the first common layer and the second common layer, the first common layer and the second common layer extend to the intermediate area, and the second common layer is directly on the first common layer at the intermediate area.