Display Panel Black Matrix Aperture Design for Viewing Angle
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional display panels have a low aperture ratio and limited viewing angle due to the black matrix completely overlaying gate lines and data lines, leading to light leakage and unstable electric fields.
Innovation Solution
The display panel design features a black matrix with apertures that do not completely overlay gate lines and data lines, allowing orthographic projections of the apertures to be partially or fully outside the pixel units, and utilizing light-shielding strips with specific width constraints to maintain light partitioning without complete coverage, thereby increasing the viewing angle and aperture ratio.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the black matrix completely overlays the gate lines and data lines, then light leakage is prevented and electric fields are stabilized, but the aperture ratio decreases and viewing angle is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The black matrix is segmented into multiple light-shielding strips (first light-shielding strips and second light-shielding strips) with different widths and positions. The first light-shielding strips have a first width and the second light-shielding strips have a second width that is different from the first width. This segmentation allows selective coverage of gate lines and data lines, preventing complete overlay while maintaining light leakage prevention in critical areas.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the black matrix are designed with different light-shielding properties. The first light-shielding strips are positioned to cover gate lines while the second light-shielding strips cover data lines, but with varying widths. This local differentiation ensures that light leakage is prevented where necessary (over conductive lines) while maximizing aperture ratio in pixel regions by not completely overlaying the lines.
2Reliability
If the black matrix completely overlays the gate lines and data lines, then light leakage is prevented, but the viewing angle is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The black matrix is divided into multiple light-shielding strips with different widths and positions rather than a continuous complete overlay. This segmentation creates openings and varying light-shielding patterns that allow light to escape at different angles, thereby expanding the viewing angle while still preventing light leakage through the conductive lines.
Solution Approach 2:
The first light-shielding strips and second light-shielding strips have asymmetric width characteristics (first width vs. second width). This asymmetry in the black matrix structure creates non-uniform light-shielding patterns that improve viewing angle characteristics by allowing different viewing angles in different directions while maintaining light leakage prevention.
3Area of stationary object
If the black matrix does not completely overlay the gate lines and data lines, then aperture ratio increases and viewing angle improves, but light leakage may occur
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of complete overlay of gate lines and data lines, the invention applies partial action by using light-shielding strips of specific widths that cover only necessary portions. The first light-shielding strips and second light-shielding strips are designed with widths that are sufficient to prevent light leakage from conductive lines but do not completely overlay them, thereby achieving both light leakage prevention and aperture ratio improvement.
4Area of stationary object
If the black matrix does not completely overlay the gate lines and data lines, then aperture ratio increases, but electric fields may become unstable
Solution Approach 1:
The black matrix is segmented into first light-shielding strips and second light-shielding strips with different widths and positions. This segmentation allows strategic placement of light-shielding material to maintain electric field stability around conductive lines while leaving other areas open to increase aperture ratio. The strips are positioned to ensure proper electrical isolation and field distribution.
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are a display panel and a display device. The display panel includes: a first substrate and a second substrate disposed as opposed to each other. The first substrate includes gate lines (1) and data lines (2), and pixel units (6) defined by the gate lines (1) and the data lines (2). The second substrate includes a black matrix (4), the black matrix (4) having a plurality of apertures (7) configured as corresponding to the pixel units (6). A orthographic projection of at least one side of at least a part of the plurality of apertures in a plane of the first substrate is at least partially located outside the pixel units (6).