Display Panel Dummy-Pixel Layout for Camera Integration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing display panels face challenges in integrating camera and sensor functionalities within the display area while maintaining uniformity of pattern density and electrical load, leading to non-uniform brightness and potential electrostatic discharge issues.
Innovation Solution
Incorporation of dummy pixels and driving voltage lines with specific cutting patterns around functional regions, along with a mesh structure of electrode voltage lines, to maintain uniformity and protect against electrostatic discharge.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If camera and sensor functionalities are integrated within the display area, then device functionality is enhanced, but pattern density uniformity deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
Dummy pixels are introduced as intermediary elements between the functional regions (camera/sensor openings) and the regular pixel array. These dummy pixels maintain the circuit structure and pattern density in regions where active pixels cannot be placed, thereby preserving manufacturing precision while allowing functional integration.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the display panel are assigned different functions: regular pixels in the display area, dummy pixels in non-display areas with specific circuit configurations, and openings for camera/sensor functionalities. This local differentiation allows each region to optimize its specific function while maintaining overall pattern density uniformity.
2Adaptability or versatility
If camera and sensor functionalities are integrated within the display area, then device functionality is enhanced, but electrical load uniformity deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
Dummy pixels serve as electrical load compensators in non-display areas. By configuring dummy pixels with specific circuit structures (including transistors and capacitors), they provide equivalent electrical loading to regular pixels, maintaining uniformity in voltage distribution and signal timing across the entire panel.
Solution Approach 2:
The electrical parameters of dummy pixels (such as transistor dimensions, capacitor values, and resistance) are specifically adjusted to match the effective electrical load of regular pixels. This parameter optimization ensures uniform voltage drops and signal characteristics despite the presence of functional openings.
3Reliability
If driving voltage lines are cut around functional regions, then electrostatic discharge is prevented, but line continuity is disrupted
Solution Approach 1:
Driving voltage lines are segmented into multiple sections around functional regions (camera/sensor openings). The lines are cut at specific locations and re-routed through dummy pixels, creating discontinuous segments that prevent electrostatic discharge paths while maintaining electrical connectivity through alternative routes.
Solution Approach 2:
When driving voltage lines are cut in the planar dimension to prevent electrostatic discharge, connectivity is restored by transitioning to another dimension (vertical layering). The lines connect through different layers via contact holes and via structures, maintaining continuity in three-dimensional space while achieving discontinuity in the two-dimensional plane.
4Manufacturing precision
If dummy pixels are arranged in non-display area, then pattern density uniformity is maintained, but display area is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
Dummy pixels perform multiple functions: they maintain pattern density uniformity for manufacturing, provide electrical load compensation, enable electrostatic discharge protection through line cutting, and serve as structural fillers in non-display areas. This multi-functionality maximizes the utility of non-display regions.
Solution Approach 2:
The display panel is divided into display areas (with regular pixels) and non-display areas (with dummy pixels and functional openings). Each region has optimized characteristics for its specific function, with dummy pixels configured to match regular pixels in circuit structure but differ in light emission capability.
Data Source
AI summary
A display panel may include a substrate, pixels, dummy pixels, and voltage lines. The substrate may include a first transmission region for light transmission and/or sound transmission, a non-display area surrounding the first transmission region, and a display area surrounding the non-display area. The pixels may be arranged on the display area and may emit light. The dummy pixels may be arranged on the non-display area, may include a first dummy pixel, and may emit no light. The voltage lines may transmit voltages to the pixels and the dummy pixels. The voltage lines may include a first voltage line and a second voltage line. The first voltage line may be spaced from the second voltage line, may be aligned with the second voltage line, and may overlap the first dummy pixel. The first transmission region may be positioned between the first voltage line and the second voltage line.