Display Panel Pixel Layout for Under-Screen Fingerprint Imaging
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Solution Overview
Problem
The increasing pixel density and pixel circuit density in display panels block light reflected from a user's finger, resulting in low imaging quality for fingerprint identification under the screen.
Innovation Solution
The display panel design includes a fingerprint identification region with a light-transmitting area optimized by adjusting the positions of the drive thin film transistor unit, source wiring, drain wiring, and capacitor unit to reduce light-blocking structures, thereby increasing the light-transmitting area and minimizing diffraction, enhancing the imaging quality of fingerprints.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If pixel density and pixel circuit density are increased to improve display quality, then display resolution is improved, but light transmittance to the fingerprint identification unit deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent moves the fingerprint identification unit from the traditional position behind the pixel circuit to a position behind the substrate layer, utilizing the space in another dimension (below the substrate). This allows the light-transmitting region to extend from the pixel circuit layer through the substrate to the fingerprint identification unit, increasing the light-transmitting area without compromising display resolution.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the light-transmitting region into multiple layers: the pixel circuit layer, the substrate layer, and the fingerprint identification unit layer. By optimizing the layout of light-transmitting and light-blocking regions in each layer, the patent increases the overall light-transmitting area while maintaining high pixel density for display quality.
2Measurement precision
If light-transmitting area is increased to improve fingerprint imaging quality, then fingerprint detection quality is improved, but area of light-blocking structures must be reduced
Solution Approach 1:
By placing the fingerprint identification unit behind the substrate layer, the patent utilizes the vertical dimension to increase the light-transmitting area. This allows the light-blocking structures in the pixel circuit layer to maintain their functional area while the overall light-transmitting region is expanded through the substrate to the fingerprint identification unit.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design improves the overall imaging quality of fingerprints under the screen by increasing the light-transmitting area and reducing diffraction, allowing for better detection of fingerprint patterns.
Implementation Method 1
light emitted by a pixel unit shines on the user's finger, and the light is reflected by the user's finger and then shines on the fingerprint identification unit
Implementation Method 2
the reflected light passes through the pixel circuit and reach the fingerprint image detection unit
Data Source
AI summary
A display panel and a display device, a fingerprint identification region of the display panel includes a substrate layer and a pixel circuit; the pixel circuit includes a DTFT unit, a source wiring, a drain wiring, and a capacitor unit arranged on the substrate layer; a source region of the DTFT unit is connected with the source wiring, a drain region of the DTFT unit is connected with the drain wiring, a light-transmitting region is located between a channel region of the DTFT unit and the drain wiring; a projection of the capacitor unit on the substrate layer covers the projection of the channel region on the substrate layer, thereby reducing the diffraction generated by the light-transmitting gap between the channel region and the source wiring, and improving the imaging quality of fingerprint under the screen.